the third, so when it falls upon one, the freedom is completed for him, and what we mentioned of splitting and repetition occurs. And because their division among those who have a share in them is balanced by value, not by parts. Based on this, he makes the one whose value is one thousand a part, the two whose value is one thousand a part, and the remaining three a part, then he draws lots between them, according to what we mentioned. The fourth issue: it is possible to balance them by value without number, such as seven [slaves], the value of one of them is one thousand, the value of two is one thousand, and the value of four is one thousand, so they are balanced by value without number, as we mentioned. The fifth issue: it is possible to balance them by number without value, such as six slaves, the value of two is one thousand, the value of two is seven hundred, and the value of two is five hundred. Here, he divides them by number because of the impossibility of dividing them by value; he makes every two a part, and he adds each one of those whose value is low to one of those whose value is high, makes the two middle ones a part, and draws lots between them. If the lot for freedom falls on a part whose value is more than a third, the lot is repeated between them, and the one for whom the lot of freedom falls is emancipated, and the remainder of the third is emancipated from the other, and the rest of him and the others remain in servitude. And if the freedom falls on a part less than a third, they are both emancipated, then the third is completed from the remainder by drawing lots. The sixth issue: it is impossible to balance them by number or value, such as five slaves, the value of one of them is one thousand, two are one thousand, and two are three thousand. It is possible to divide them into three parts, making the one who is highest in value a part, and adding the least valuable of the remaining ones to the second, making them a part, and the rest a part, and drawing lots between them with one share of freedom and two shares of servitude; because this is closer to what the Prophet (peace be upon him) did, and he balances the third by value as mentioned. It is also possible not to divide them, but rather to draw lots for one by one until the third is completed, so he writes five
(63) In the original: "in them both". (64) Omitted from the original. (65) In A: "one". (66) In A: "value". (67) In B: "value". (68) Omitted from B. (69) In M there is an addition: "high value". (70) Omitted from B. And in A there is an addition: "one".
الثُّلثِ، فإذا وقَعَتْ على واحدٍ، كَمَلَتِ الحُرِّيَّةُ منه، فحَصَلَ ما ذكرْناه من التَّبْعِيضِ والتَّكْرارِ، ولأنَّ قِسْمَتَهم بين المشْتركِينَ فيهم (٦٣)، [إنَّما يُعَدَّلُونَ فيها بالقِيمَةِ] (٦٤) دون الأَجْزاءِ، فعلى هذا يَجْعَلُ الذى قِيمَتُه ألفٌ جُزْءًا، والاثْنَيْنِ اللَّذَينِ قيمَتُهما ألفٌ جُزْءًا، والثَّلاثَةَ الباقين جُزْءًا، ثمَّ يُقْرِعُ بينَهم، على ما ذكَرْنا. المسألةُ الرابعة، أمْكَن تَعْدِيلُهم بالقِيمَةِ دونَ العَدَدِ، كسبعةٍ قِيمَةُ أحَدِهم (٦٥) ألفٌ، وقِيمَةُ اثنَيْنِ ألفٌ، وقيمةُ أربعةٍ ألفٌ، فيُعَدّلُونَ بالقِيمَةِ دونَ العَدَدِ، كما ذكرْنا. المسألةُ الخامسةُ، أمْكَن تَعْدِيلُهم بالعَدَدِ دون القِيمَةِ، كسِتَّةِ أعْبُدٍ، قِيمَةُ اثنَيْنِ ألفٌ، وقيمةُ اثنينِ سَبْعُمائةٍ، وقيمةُ اثنينِ خَمْسُمائةٍ، فههُنا يُجَزِّئُهُم بالعَدَدِ؛ لتَعَذُّرِ تَجْزِئَتِهم بالقِيمَةِ، فيَجْعَلُ كلَّ اثنَيْنِ جزءًا، ويَضُمُّ كلَّ واحدٍ ممَّن قِيمَتُهما قليلةٌ إلى واحدٍ ممَّن قيمَتُهما كثيرةٌ، ويَجْعَلُ المُتَوَسِّطَيْن جزءًا، ويُقرِعُ بينَهم، فإِنَّ وقَعَتْ قُرْعةُ الحُرِّيَّةِ على جُزءٍ قِيمتُه أكثرُ من الثُّلثِ، أُعِيدَتِ القُرْعةُ بينَهما، فيَعْتِقُ مَنْ [تَقَعُ له] (٦٤) قُرْعَةُ الحُرِّيَّةِ، ويَعْتِقُ من الآخَرِ تَتِمَّةُ (٦٦) الثُّلثِ، ورَقَّ باقِيه والباقُون، وإن وقَعتِ الحُرِّيَّةُ على جُزْءٍ أقلَّ من الثُّلثِ، عَتَقَا جميعًا، ثمَّ يَكْمُلُ الثُّلثُ من الباقِينَ بالقُرْعةِ. المسألةُ السادسةُ، لم يُمْكِنْ تَعْدِيلُهم بالعَدَدِ ولا القِيمَةِ، كخَمْسةِ أعْبُدٍ، قِيمَةُ أحدِهم ألفٌ، واثْنان ألْفٌ، واثْنان ثلاثةُ آلافٍ، احْتَمَلَ أَنْ يُجَزِّئَهم ثلاثَةَ أجْزاءٍ، فيَجْعلَ أحَدَهم (٦٧) أَكْثَرَهم قِيمةً (٦٨) جُزْءًا، ويَضُمَّ إلى الثانِى (٦٩) أقَلَّ الباقِينَ قِيمةً، ويَجْعَلَهما جُزْءًا والباقِينَ جزْءًا، ويُقْرِعَ بينهم بسَهْمِ حُرِّيَّةٍ وسَهْمَىْ رِقٍّ؛ لأنَّ هذا أقْرَبُ إلى ما فَعَلَه النَّبِىُّ -صلى اللَّه عليه وسلم-، ويُعَدِّلَ الثُّلثَ بالقِيمَةِ على ما تقدَّم، واحْتَمَلَ أن لا يُجَزِّئَهم، بل تُخْرَجُ القُرْعَةُ على واحدٍ واحدٍ (٧٠)، حتَّى يَسْتَوْفِىَ الثُّلثَ، فيكتبَ خَمْسَ
(٦٣) فى الأصل: "فيهما".(٦٤) سقط من: الأصل.(٦٥) فى أ: "واحد".(٦٦) فى أ: "قيمة".(٦٧) فى ب: "قيمة".(٦٨) سقط من: ب.(٦٩) فى م زيادة: "كثير القيمة".(٧٠) سقط من: ب. وفى أزيادة: "واحد".