the hadith of Jābir. Buraydah narrated from the Prophet, peace and blessings of God be upon him, that a man asked him about the time of prayer, and he said: "Pray with us these two days." When the sun passed the meridian, he ordered Bilāl, who gave the adhān, then he ordered him and he performed the iqāma for Dhuhr, then he ordered him and he performed the iqāma for ʿAsr while the sun was high, white, and clear, not yet mixed with yellow. Then he ordered him and he performed the iqāma for Maghrib when the sun set. Then he ordered him and he performed the iqāma for ʿIshāʾ when the twilight disappeared. Then he ordered him and he performed the iqāma for Fajr when the dawn broke. When the second day came, he ordered him and he delayed the Dhuhr prayer (ibrād), and he was pleased to delay it. He prayed ʿAsr while the sun was white and high, its end being above what it was before. He prayed Maghrib when the twilight disappeared. He prayed ʿIshāʾ when one-third of the night had passed. He prayed Fajr when it was bright. Then he said: "Where is the one who asked about the time of prayer?" The man said: I am here, O Messenger of God. He said: "The time of your prayer is between what you have seen." Narrated by Muslim and others. Abū Dāwūd narrated from Abū Mūsā something similar, except that he said: He began and performed the iqāma for Fajr when the dawn broke, and he prayed when a man could not recognize the face of his companion, or that a man could not recognize the one next to him. When the next day came, he prayed Fajr and left, and we said: The sun has risen. There are many hadiths on this chapter.

Section: The meaning of the sun passing the meridian (zawāl) is its inclining from the zenith of the sky. This is known by the length of a person's shadow after it has reached its shortest point. Whoever wants to know this should measure the person's shadow, then wait a little while, then measure it a second time. If it is less than the first, then it has not yet passed the meridian. If it has increased and not