in the obligatory (fard) prayer, because it has not been transmitted from the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) regarding the obligatory prayer, despite the multitude of those who described his recitation therein.
Section: It is recommended for the Imam to regulate the recitation, glorification (tasbih), and the tashahhud according to the extent that he perceives that those behind him, from those whose speech is labored, have achieved it, and to remain steady in his bowing and prostration for the duration that he perceives the elderly, the young, and the heavy [of movement] have achieved it. If he acts contrary to this and performs it in the [usual] extent, it is disliked but it suffices him. It is not recommended for him to prolong it excessively, as it would cause hardship for those behind him, based on the saying of the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him): "Whoever leads the people in prayer, let him lighten it" (29). As for the individual praying alone, he may prolong all of that, provided it does not lead him to a state where he fears forgetfulness, in which case increasing it is disliked. It has been narrated from 'Ammar that he prayed a prayer in which he was brief. He was asked about that, and he said: "I am forestalling the whisperings of the devil (waswas)."
It is recommended for the Imam, if an exigency arises during the prayer for some of the followers that necessitates them leaving, to lighten it. It has come from the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) that he said: "I stand in prayer and I intend to prolong it, then I hear the crying of an infant and I expedite it, out of dislike for causing hardship to his mother." It was narrated by Abu Dawud (30).
181 - Issue: He said: (Then he performs the taslim to his right, saying: "Peace be upon you and the mercy of Allah." And likewise to his left.)
The sum of it is that when he finishes his prayer and intends to exit it, he performs the taslim to his right and to his left. This taslim is obligatory and nothing else can take its place. This is the opinion of Malik and al-Shafi'i.
(28) Omitted from: M. (29) It will come in the third volume, during Issue 262. (30) In: The Chapter on lightening the prayer due to an occurring event, from the Book of Prayer. Sunan Abi Dawud 1/182. It was also extracted by al-Bukhari in: The Chapter on one who lightens the prayer at the crying of an infant, from the Book of Adhan. Sahih al-Bukhari 1/181. And Ibn Majah in: The Chapter on the Imam lightening the prayer if an event occurs, from the Book of Establishing Prayer. Sunan Ibn Majah 1/316, 317. See also: Al-Musnad, by Imam Ahmad 3/205.
ذلك في الفَرِيضَةِ؛ لأنَّه لم يُنْقَلْ عن النَّبِىِّ -صلى اللَّه عليه وسلم- في فَرِيضَةٍ، مع كَثْرَةِ مَنْ وصَفَ قراءَتَه فيها.
فصل: ويُسْتَحَبُّ للْإِمامِ أنْ يُرَتِّلَ القراءَةَ والتَّسْبِيحَ والتَّشَهُّدَ بقَدْرِ ما يَرَى أنَّ مَنْ خَلْفَهُ ممَّن يَثْقُلُ لسَانُهُ قد أتَى عليه، وأنْ يَتَمَكَّنَ مِنْ رُكوعِهِ وسُجودِهِ، قَدْرَ ما يَرَى أنَّ الكَبِيرَ والصَّغِيرَ والثَّقِيلَ قد أتَى عليه. فإِنْ خَالَفَ وأتى بقَدْرِ ما عليهِ، كُرِهَ وأجْزَأَه. ولا يُسْتَحَبُّ له التَّطْوِيلُ كثيرًا، فَيَشُق على (٢٨) مَنْ خلْفَه؛ لقولِ النَّبِيِّ -صلى اللَّه عليه وسلم-: "مَنْ أَمَّ النَّاسَ فَلْيُخَفِّفْ" (٢٩). وأَمَّا المُنْفَرِدُ فلهُ الإِطالَةُ في ذلك كُلِّهِ، ما لم يُخْرِجْهُ إلى حالٍ يَخَافُ السَّهْوَ، فَتُكْرَهُ الزِّيَادَةُ عليه، فقدْ رُوِىَ عن عَمَّارٍ، أنَّه صَلَّى صلاةً أوْجَزَ فيها، فقِيل له في ذلك، فقال: أنا أُبَادِرُ الوَسْوَاسَ.
ويُسْتَحَبُّ للْإِمَامِ إذَا عَرَضَ في الصلاةِ عارِضٌ لبَعْضِ المأمومِينَ، يَقْتَضِى خُرُوجَهُ، أنْ يُخَفِّفَ؛ فقد جاءَ عن النَّبِيِّ -صلى اللَّه عليه وسلم- أنَّهُ قال: "إنِّي لَأَقُومُ فِي الصَّلَاةِ وأَنَا أُرِيدُ أَنْ أُطَوِّلَ فِيهَا، فَأَسْمَعُ بُكَاءَ الصَّبِىِّ فَأَتَجَوَّزُ؛ كَرَاهِيَةَ أَنْ أشُقَّ عَلَى أُمِّهِ". رَوَاهُ أبو داوُد (٣٠).
١٨١ - مسألة؛ قال: (ثُمَّ يُسَلِّمُ عَنْ يَمينِهِ، فَيَقُولُ: السَّلَامُ عَلَيْكُمْ ورَحْمَةُ اللهِ. وعَنْ يَسَارِهِ كَذَلِكَ.)
وجُمْلَتُهُ أنَّه إذا فَرَغَ مِنْ صلاتِهِ، وأرادَ الخُرُوجَ منها، سَلَّمَ عن يَمِينِهِ وعَنْ يَسَارِهِ، وهذا التَّسْلِيمُ واجبٌ لا يَقُومُ غيرُه مَقامَهُ. وبِهذا قالَ مالكٌ، والشافعيُّ.
(٢٨) سقط من: م.(٢٩) يأتي في الجزء الثالث، أثناء المسألة ٢٦٢.(٣٠) في: باب تخفيف الصلاة للأمر يحدث، من كتاب الصلاة. سنن أبي داود ١/ ١٨٢. كما أخرجه البخاري، في: باب من أخف الصلاة عند بكاء الصبى، من كتاب الأذان. صحيح البخاري ١/ ١٨١. وابن ماجه، في: باب الإمام يخفف الصلاة إذا حدث أمر، من كتاب إقامة الصلاة. سنن ابن ماجه ١/ ٣١٦، ٣١٧. وانظر: المسند، للإمام أحمد ٣/ ٢٠٥.
