that stipulation; because a large amount [makes the exposure of the 'awrah repulsive] (49), and it is possible to guard against it, so it is not excused, just like the large amount in quantity.
191 - Issue: He said: (If he has something of clothing on his shoulder)
The summation of this is that the person praying must place something of clothing on his shoulder, if he is capable of doing so. This is the position of Ibn al-Mundhir. It was narrated from Abu Ja'far that the prayer is not valid for someone who does not cover his shoulders. Most jurists said: This is not mandatory, nor is it a condition for the validity of the prayer. Malik, al-Shafi'i, and the scholars of opinion (Ashab al-Ra'y) held this view; because they [the shoulders] are not 'awrah (1), so they are like the rest of the body. Our argument is what Abu Hurayrah narrated from the Prophet (may Allah bless him and grant him peace), that he said: "A man should not pray in a single garment if he does not have any of it on his shoulder." Narrated by [al-Bukhari, Muslim, Abu Dawud, Ibn Majah, and others] (2). This is a prohibition that necessitates prohibition [of the act], and it takes precedence over analogy (qiyas). [And Abu Dawud narrated from] (3) Buraydah, who said: The Messenger of Allah (may Allah bless him and grant him peace) forbade
(49) In the original: "repulsive".(1) In the original: "of the 'awrah".(2) In the original: "Muslim". Al-Bukhari extracted it in: The Chapter of If One Prays in a Single Garment, Let Him Place [a Part of It] on His Shoulders, from the Book of Prayer. Sahih al-Bukhari 1/101. Muslim, in: The Chapter of Prayer in a Single Garment and the Manner of Wearing It, from the Book of Prayer. Sahih Muslim 1/368. Abu Dawud, in: The Chapter of the Compilation of What One May Pray In, from the Book of Prayer. Sunan Abi Dawud 1/146. Al-Nasa'i, in: The Chapter of a Man's Prayer in a Single Garment If He Has None of It on His Shoulder, from the Book of the Qibla. Al-Mujtaba 2/56. Al-Darimi, in: The Chapter of Prayer in a Single Garment, from the Book of Prayer. Sunan al-Darimi 1/318. Imam Ahmad, in: Al-Musnad 2/243, 464. We did not find it in Sunan Ibn Majah.(3) In the original: "And from". Abu Dawud extracted it in: The Chapter of If the Garment Is Tight, Let Him Wrap It Around His Waist, from the Book of Prayer. Sunan Abi Dawud 1/148.
