from here, he would stand and pray four, and four before Dhuhr when the sun passed the meridian, and two after it, and four before 'Asr, separating every two rak'ahs with the taslim (salutation) to the close angels, the prophets, and those who followed them from the Muslims. That makes sixteen rak'ahs, the voluntary prayer of the Messenger of Allah (may Allah bless him and grant him peace) during the day, and few are they who are consistent with it (78).
Section: As for absolute voluntary prayers, they are legislated throughout the entire night and during the day, except at the times when prayer is prohibited; and voluntary prayer at night is better than voluntary prayer during the day. Ahmad said: There is nothing better in my view after the obligatory prayer than standing for the night prayer. And the Prophet (may Allah bless him and grant him peace) was commanded to do that. Allah the Almighty said: {And from the night, perform tahajjud (night prayer) with it as an additional [prayer] for you} (79). Abu Hurairah narrated that the Messenger of Allah (may Allah bless him and grant him peace) said: "The best prayer after the obligatory prayer is the prayer of the night" (80). Al-Tirmidhi said: This is a hasan (good) hadith (81). Night prayer was once obligatory, evidenced by the saying of the Almighty: {O you who wraps himself [in clothing] (1) Arise [to pray] the night, except for a little (2) - half of it} (82). Then it was abrogated by His saying: {Indeed, your Lord knows that you stand [in prayer] less than two-thirds of the night} (83), the rest of the verse.
Section: "The best of tahajjud is in the latter part of the night; based on what 'Amr ibn 'Abasah narrated, who said: I said, O Messenger of Allah, which part of the night is most heard? He said: "The latter part of the night, so pray
(78) Its extraction was previously cited on page 545. (79) Surah Al-Isra, 79. (80) Extracted by Muslim, in: The chapter on the excellence of fasting in Muharram, from the Book of Fasting. Sahih Muslim 2/821. And Abu Dawood in: The chapter on fasting in Muharram, from the Book of Fasting. Sunan Abi Dawood 1/566. And al-Tirmidhi, in: The chapter on what has been narrated regarding the excellence of the night prayer, from the Chapters of Prayer. 'Aridat al-Ahwadhi 2/227. And al-Nasa'i, in: The chapter on the excellence of the night prayer. Al-Mujtaba 3/168. And al-Darimi, in: The chapter on which part of the night prayer is best, from the Book of Prayer, Sunan al-Darimi 1/346. And Imam Ahmad, in: al-Musnad 2/342, 344, 535. (81) In the footnote of [Manuscript] al-Asl: "And it was narrated by Muslim". And it was previously cited. (82) The words {half of it} do not appear in [Manuscript] al-Asl or A. The verses are from 1-3 of Surah Al-Muzzammil. (83) Surah Al-Muzzammil, 20.
من ههُنا قامَ فَصَلَّى أَرْبَعًا، وأرْبَعًا قبل الظُّهْرِ إذا زَالَتِ الشَّمْسُ، ورَكْعَتَيْنِ بَعدَها، وأرْبَعًا قبل العَصْرِ، يَفْصِلُ بين كلِّ رَكْعَتَيْنِ بالسَّلَامِ على المَلَائِكَةِ المُقَرَّبِينَ والنَّبيِّينَ ومَن تَبِعَهُم من المُسْلِمِينَ. فتلك سِتَّ عَشْرَةَ رَكْعَةً، تَطَوُّعُ رسولُ اللهِ -صلى اللَّه عليه وسلم- بالنَّهَارِ، وقَلَّ مَنْ يُدَاوِم عليها (٧٨).
فصل: فأمَّا النَّوَافِلُ المُطْلَقَةُ فَتُشْرَعُ في اللَّيْلِ كُلِّه، وفي النَّهَارِ فيما سِوَى أوْقَات النَّهْىِ، وتَطَوُّعُ اللَّيْلِ أفْضَلُ من تَطَوُّعِ النَّهَارِ. قال أحمدُ: ليس بعدَ المَكْتُوبَةِ عندى أفضَلُ مِن قِيَامِ اللَّيْلِ. والنَّبِيُّ -صلى اللَّه عليه وسلم- قد أُمِرَ بذلك، قال اللَّه تعالى: {وَمِنَ اللَّيْلِ فَتَهَجَّدْ بِهِ نَافِلَةً لَكَ} (٧٩). ورَوَى أبو هُرَيْرَة، قال: قال رسولُ اللهِ -صلى اللَّه عليه وسلم-: "أفْضَلُ الصَّلَاةِ بَعْدَ الفَرِيضَةِ صَلَاةُ اللَّيْلِ" (٨٠). قال التِّرْمِذِيُّ: هذا حَدِيثٌ حَسَنٌ (٨١). وكان قِيَامُ اللَّيْلِ مَفْرُوضًا؛ بِدَلِيلِ قَولِه تعالى: {يَاأَيُّهَا الْمُزَّمِّلُ (١) قُمِ اللَّيْلَ إِلَّا قَلِيلًا (٢) نِصْفَهُ} (٨٢) ثم نُسِخَ بقَوْلِه: {إِنَّ رَبَّكَ يَعْلَمُ أَنَّكَ تَقُومُ أَدْنَى مِنْ ثُلُثَيِ اللَّيْلِ} (٨٣) الآية.
فصل: " وأفْضَلُ التَّهَجُّدِ جَوْفُ اللَّيْلِ الآخِر؛ لما رَوَى عمرُو بنُ عَبَسَةَ، قال: قلتُ، يا رسولَ اللهِ، أىُّ اللَّيْلِ أَسْمَعُ؟ قال: "جَوْفُ اللَّيْلِ الآخِرِ، فَصَلِّ
(٧٨) تقدم تخريجه في صفحة ٥٤٥.(٧٩) سورة الإسراء ٧٩.(٨٠) أخرجه مسلم، في: باب فضل صوم المحرَّم، من كتاب الصيام. صحيح مسلم ٢/ ٨٢١. وأبو داود في: باب في صوم المحرم، من كتاب الصوم. سنن أبي داود ١/ ٥٦٦. والترمذي، في: باب ما جاء في فضل صلاة الليل، من أبواب الصلاة. عارضة الأحوذي ٢/ ٢٢٧. والنسائي، في: باب فضل صلاة الليل. المجتبى ٣/ ١٦٨. والدارمي، في: باب أي صلاة الليل أفضل، من كتاب الصلاة، سنن الدارمي ١/ ٣٤٦. والإمام أحمد، في: المسند ٢/ ٣٤٢، ٣٤٤، ٥٣٥.(٨١) في حاشية الأصل: "ورواه مسلم". وتقدم.(٨٢) لم ترد: {نِصْفَهُ} في الأصل، أ.والآيات هي من ١ - ٣ من سورة المزمل.(٨٣) سورة المزمل ٢٠.