it was not disapproved of, so it constitutes a consensus. Furthermore, because he is a male whose prayer is valid, his Adhan is counted, like that of an upright adult. There is no disagreement regarding the validity of the Adhan of one whose condition is unknown (mastur al-hal), and the disagreement is only regarding one who is openly sinful.

It is recommended that the Mu'adhdhin be upright ('adl), trustworthy, and an adult, because he is a trustee to whom one refers regarding prayer and fasting, so it is not safe that he might deceive them with his Adhan if he is not such. Also, because he calls out from an elevated place, it is not safe that he might look at the private parts ('awrat).

Regarding the melodious (mulahhan) Adhan, there are two views: One of them is that it is valid; because the intended purpose is achieved by it, so it is like the non-melodious one. The other is that it is not valid; due to what was narrated by al-Daraqutni (6), with his chain of narration from Ibn Abbas who said: The Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) had a Mu'adhdhin who would intone/trill (yutarrib) (7). The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said: "Indeed, the Adhan is simple and easy-going (sahl samh). If your Adhan is simple and easy-going, then [proceed], otherwise, do not give the Adhan."

Section: It is recommended that the Mu'adhdhin be sighted (basir); because the blind man does not know the time, so he might make a mistake. However, if a blind man gives the Adhan, his Adhan is valid, for Ibn Umm Maktum used to give the Adhan for the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him). Ibn 'Amr (8) said: He was a blind man who would not call out until it was said to him, "It is morning, it is morning." Narrated by al-Bukhari (9). It is recommended that he be accompanied by a sighted person who informs him of the time, or that he gives the Adhan after a sighted Mu'adhdhin, just as Ibn Umm Maktum used to give the Adhan after the Adhan of Bilal. It is recommended that he be knowledgeable about the times to be precise with them, so he gives the Adhan at their beginning, and if he is not knowledgeable, he might make a mistake and err. If an ignorant person gives the Adhan, his Adhan is valid, for if the Adhan of the blind person is valid, then the ignorant person is more entitled [to validity].