the Almighty, for he might remind him of Allah, the Exalted, repentance from sins, discharging grievances, and making a will. When he sees that death is approaching him, he should tend to moistening his throat by dropping water or liquid into it, and he should moisten his lips with a piece of cotton. He should turn him towards the Qibla, due to the saying of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him): "The best of gatherings are those that face the Qibla" (52). He should instruct him to say "La ilaha illa Allah" (There is no god but Allah), because of the saying of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him): "Instruct your dying ones to say: La ilaha illa Allah." Narrated by Muslim (53). Al-Hasan said: The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) was asked (54): "Which deeds are the most virtuous?" He said: "That you die on the day you die while your tongue is moist with the remembrance of Allah." Narrated by Sa'id. This should be done with gentleness and tact; he should not repeat it too often nor annoy him, unless he speaks of something else, in which case he should repeat the instruction so that "La ilaha illa Allah" is his final speech. Ahmad specified this. It is narrated from 'Abdullah ibn al-Mubarak that when death approached him, a man began instructing him to say "La ilaha illa Allah" and repeated it frequently. 'Abdullah said to him: "If I have said it once, I am upon that as long as I do not speak [otherwise]." Al-Tirmidhi said: 'Abdullah only meant what was narrated from the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) that he said: "Whoever has as his final speech 'La ilaha illa Allah' will enter Paradise." Narrated by Abu Dawud (55), with his chain of narration. Sa'id narrated with his chain of narration from Mu'adh ibn Jabal that when death approached him, he said: "Seat me up." When they seated him, he said: "A word I heard from the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him), I was keeping it hidden, and were it not for the death that has approached me, I would not have told you about it. I heard the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him)
(52) Cited by Al-Suyuti in Jami' al-Jawami' 1/517, and he attributed it to Al-Tabarani and Ibn Jarir, from Ibn Abbas. (53) In: Chapter of instructing the dying to say La ilaha illa Allah, from the Book of Funerals (Sahih Muslim 2/631). It was also documented by Abu Dawud, in: Chapter of instruction, from the Book of Funerals (Sunan Abi Dawud 2/169); Al-Tirmidhi, in: Chapter of what has come regarding instructing the sick..., from the Chapters of Funerals (Aridat al-Ahwadhi 4/199); Al-Nasa'i, in: Chapter of instructing the dying, from the Book of Funerals (Al-Mujtaba 4/5); Ibn Majah, in: Chapter of what has come regarding instructing the dying to say La ilaha illa Allah, from the Book of Funerals (Sunan Ibn Majah 1/464); and Imam Ahmad, in: Al-Musnad 3/3. (54) Omitted from A. (55) In: Chapter of instruction, from the Book of Funerals (Sunan Abi Dawud 2/169). It was also documented by Imam Ahmad, in: Al-Musnad 5/233, 247.
لِلهِ عزَّ وجَلَّ؛ لِيُذَكِّرَهُ اللَّه تعالى، والتَّوْبَةَ من المَعاصِى، والخُرُوجَ من المَظالِم، والوَصِيَّةَ. وإذا رَآهُ مَنْزُولًا به تَعَهَّدَ بَلَّ حَلْقِهِ، بِتَقْطِيرِ ماءٍ أو شَرابٍ فيه، ويُنَدِّى شَفَتَيْهِ بِقُطْنَةٍ، ويَسْتَقْبِلُ به القِبْلَةَ؛ لقولِ رسولِ اللهِ -صلى اللَّه عليه وسلم-: " [خَيْرُ الْمَجَالِسِ مَا اسْتُقْبِلَ بِهِ القِبْلَةُ" (٥٢). ويُلَقِّنُه قَوْلَ "لا إله إلَّا اللَّه"؛ لِقَوْلِ رسولِ اللهِ -صلى اللَّه عليه وسلم-: "لَقِّنُوا مَوْتَاكُمْ لَا إلهَ إلَّا اللهُ". رَوَاهُ مُسْلِمٌ (٥٣). وقال الحسنُ: سُئِلَ رسولُ اللهِ -صلى اللَّه عليه وسلم-] (٥٤): أىُّ الأَعْمَالِ أَفْضَلُ؟ قال: "أنْ تَمُوتَ يَوْمَ تَمُوتُ ولِسَانُكَ رَطْبٌ مِنْ ذِكْرِ اللهِ". رَوَاه سَعِيدٌ. ويكونُ ذلك في لُطْفٍ ومُدَارَاةٍ، ولا يُكَرِّرُ عليه، ولا يُضْجِرُه، إلَّا أن يَتَكَلَّمَ بِشَىءٍ، فيُعِيدُ تَلْقِينَه، لِتكونَ لا إله إلَّا اللهُ آخِرَ كَلَامِه. نَصَّ على هذا أحمدُ، ورُوِىَ عن عبدِ اللهِ بن المُباركِ، أنَّه لمَّا حَضَرَهُ المَوْتُ جَعَلَ رَجُلٌ يُلَقِّنُه "لا إله إلَّا اللَّه" فأكْثَرَ عليه؛ فقال له عبدُ اللهِ: إذا قلتُ مَرَّةً فأنَا على ذلك ما لم أتَكَلَّمْ، قال التِّرْمِذِىُّ: إنَّما أرَادَ عبدُ اللهِ ما رُوِىَ عن النَّبِىِّ -صلى اللَّه عليه وسلم- أنَّه قال: "مَنْ كَانَ آخِرُ كَلَامِه لَا إلهَ إلَّا اللهُ دَخَلَ الجَنَّةَ". رَوَاه أبو دَاوُدَ (٥٥)، بإسْنَادِهِ. ورَوَى سَعِيدٌ، بإسْنَادِهِ، عن مُعَاذِ بن جَبَلٍ، أنَّه لمَا حَضَرَتْهُ الوَفَاةُ، قال: أَجْلِسُونِى. فلما أَجْلَسُوه قال: كَلِمَةٌ سَمِعْتُها مِن رسولِ اللهِ -صلى اللَّه عليه وسلم- كُنْتُ أخْبَؤُها، ولَوْلَا ما حَضَرَنِى من المَوْتِ ما أخْبَرْتُكم بها، سمعتُ رسولَ اللَّه -صلى اللَّه عليه وسلم-
(٥٢) أورده السيوطي في جمع الجوامع ١/ ٥١٧، وعزاه للطبراني وابن جرير، عن ابن عباس.(٥٣) في: باب تلقين الموتى لا إله إلا اللَّه، من كتاب الجنائز. صحيح مسلم ٢/ ٦٣١. كما أخرجه أبو داود، في: باب في التلقين، من كتاب الجنائز. سنن أبي داود ٢/ ١٦٩. والترمذي، في: باب ما جاء في تلقين المريض. . .، من أبواب الجنائز. عارضة الأحوذى ٤/ ١٩٩. والنسائي، في: باب تلقين الميت، من كتاب الجنائز. المجتبى ٤/ ٥. وابن ماجه، في: باب ما جاء في تلقين الميت لا إله إلا اللَّه، من كتاب الجنائز. سنن ابن ماجه ١/ ٤٦٤. والإِمام أحمد، في: المسند ٣/ ٣.(٥٤) سقط من: أ.(٥٥) في: باب في التلقين، من كتاب الجنائز. سنن أبي داود ٢/ ١٦٩. كما أخرجه الإِمام أحمد، في: المسند ٥/ ٢٣٣، ٢٤٧.
