that he did it, and because it involves the waste of wealth without benefit, and an excess in the veneration of graves, resembling the veneration of idols. It is not permissible to take graves as mosques, due to this report; and because the Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, said: "May Allah curse the Jews; they took the graves of their prophets as mosques." He was warning against doing as they did. Agreed upon (34). 'Aishah said: The grave of the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, was only not left exposed so that it would not be taken as a mosque (35). Also, because dedicating graves to prayer near them resembles the veneration of idols through prostrating to them and seeking nearness to them. We have already narrated that the beginning of idol worship was the veneration of the dead by taking their images, wiping them, and praying near them (36).
Section: Burial in the cemeteries of the Muslims is more pleasing to Abu 'Abd Allah than burial in houses, because it is less harmful to the living among his heirs, more similar to the dwellings of the Hereafter, and greater in terms of supplication for him and seeking mercy for him. The Companions, the Successors, and those who came after them did not cease to be buried in the open lands. If it is said: The Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, was buried in his house, and his two companions were buried with him? We say: 'Aishah said: That was only done so that his grave would not be taken as a mosque. Narrated by al-Bukhari (37). And because the Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, used to bury his companions in al-Baqi', and his action is more deserving than the action of another, and his companions only saw this as a special case for him. And because it was narrated: "Prophets are buried where they die" (38), and to protect it (39) from the crowd of visitors, and to distinguish him from others.
1/502. And Imam Ahmad in: al-Musnad 1/229, 287, 324, 337, and abridged in: 2/337, 356, 3/442, 443. (34) Its extraction was previously mentioned in 2/474. (35) See the locations of the extraction of the previous hadith in al-Bukhari, the second and third locations. (36) The author is referring to what al-Bukhari narrated from Ibn 'Abbas, in: The Tafsir of Surat Nuh, from the Book of Tafsir. Sahih al-Bukhari 6/199. (37) Its extraction was previously mentioned in 2/474. (38) Ibn Majah extracted something similar to it in: The Chapter on the Mention of His Death and Burial, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, from the Book of Funerals. Sunan Ibn Majah 1/521. (39) In manuscript M: "for them."
فَعَلَهُ، ولأنَّ فيه تَضْيِيعًا لِلْمَالِ في غير فَائِدَةٍ، وإفْرَاطًا في تَعْظِيمِ القُبُورِ أشْبَهَ تَعْظِيمَ الأصْنَامِ، ولا يجوزُ اتِّخَاذُ المَساجدِ على القُبُورِ لهذا الخَبَرِ؛ ولأنَّ النَّبِىَّ -صلى اللَّه عليه وسلم- قال: "لَعَنَ اللهُ اليَهُودَ، اتَّخَذُوا قُبُورَ أَنْبِيَائِهِمْ مَسَاجِدَ". يُحَذِّرُ مثلَ ما صَنَعُوا. مُتَّفَقٌ عليه (٣٤). وقالت عائشةُ: إنما لم يُبْرَزْ قَبْرُ رسولِ اللهِ -صلى اللَّه عليه وسلم-، لئَلَّا يُتَّخَذَ مَسْجِدًا (٣٥). ولأنَّ تَخْصِيصَ القُبُورِ بالصَّلَاةِ عندَها يُشْبِهُ تَعْظيم الأصْنَامِ بالسُّجُودِ لها، والتَّقَرُّبِ إليها، وقد رَوَيْنا أنَّ ابْتِدَاءَ عِبَادَةِ الأصْنَامِ تَعْظِيمُ الأمْواتِ، باتِّخَاذِ صُوَرِهم، ومَسْحِها، والصَّلَاةِ عندَها (٣٦).
فصل: والدَّفْنُ في مَقابِرِ المُسْلِمِينَ أَعْجَبُ إلى أبي عبدِ اللهِ من الدَّفْنِ في البُيُوتِ؛ لأنَّه أقَلُّ ضَرَرًا على الأحْياءِ من وَرَثَتِه، وأشْبَهُ بمَساكِن الآخِرَةِ، وأكْثَرُ لِلدُّعاءِ له، والتَّرَحُّمِ عليه. ولم يَزَلِ الصَّحابَةُ والتَّابِعُونَ ومَن بَعْدَهم يُقْبَرُونَ في الصَّحَارَى. فإن قيل: فالنَّبِىُّ -صلى اللَّه عليه وسلم- قُبِرَ في بَيْتِه، وقُبِرَ صَاحِباهُ معه؟ قُلْنا: قالت عائشةُ: إنَّما فُعِلَ ذلك لِئَلَّا يُتَّخَذَ قَبْرُهُ مَسْجِدًا. رَوَاهُ البُخَارِىُّ (٣٧). ولأنَّ النَّبِىَّ -صلى اللَّه عليه وسلم- كان يَدْفِنُ أصْحابَهُ في البَقِيعِ، وفِعْلُهُ أوْلَى من فِعْلِ غيرِه، وإنَّما أصْحابه رَأوْا تَخْصِيصَه بذلك. ولأنَّه رُوِى: "يُدْفَنُ الأَنْبِيَاءُ حيثُ يَمُوتُونَ" (٣٨). وصِيَانَةً له (٣٩) عن كَثْرَةِ الطُّرَّاقِ، وتَمْييزًا له عن غَيْرِه.
= ١/ ٥٠٢. والإِمام أحمد، في: المسند ١/ ٢٢٩، ٢٨٧، ٣٢٤، ٣٣٧، ومختصرا في: ٢/ ٣٣٧، ٣٥٦، ٣/ ٤٤٢، ٤٤٣.(٣٤) تقدم تخريجه في ٢/ ٤٧٤.(٣٥) انظر مواضع تخريج الحديث السابق عند البخاري، الموضع الثاني والثالث.(٣٦) يشير المصنف إلى ما رواه البخاري عن ابن عباس، في: تفسير سورة نوح، من كتاب التفسير. صحيح البخاري ٦/ ١٩٩.(٣٧) تقدم تخريجه في ٢/ ٤٧٤.(٣٨) أخرج نحوه ابن ماجه، في: باب ذكر وفاته ودفنه -صلى اللَّه عليه وسلم-، من كتاب الجنائز. سنن ابن ماجه ١/ ٥٢١.(٣٩) في م: "لهم".