and we do not know of any Companion who opposed this, and because it is a part of a whole upon which prayer is obligatory, so prayer is performed over it, like the majority [of the body]. It differs from what separates during life, because that is from a whole over which no prayer is performed, and hair and nails have no life in them.
Section: If the part is found after the deceased has been buried, it shall be washed and the funeral prayer performed over it, and it shall be buried beside the grave, or a portion of the grave shall be excavated and it shall be buried within it. There is no need to uncover the deceased, because the harm of excavating and uncovering the deceased is greater than the harm of scattering his parts.
Section: As for the one afflicted with smallpox (3), the burnt, and the drowned, if it is possible to wash them, they shall be washed. If it is feared that their bodies will disintegrate from the washing, water should be poured over them, and they should not be touched. If it is feared that they will disintegrate from the water, they shall not be washed, but shall be dry-abluted (tayammum) (4) if possible, just like the living person whom water harms. If washing the deceased is impossible due to lack of water, he shall be dry-abluted. If it is impossible to wash some parts but not others, the parts that can be washed shall be washed, and the rest shall be dry-abluted, exactly the same as the living.
Section: If he dies in a well that has toxic vapors (nafas), and it is possible to treat the well with wet cloths moved around inside the well until they absorb the vapor, then someone shall descend to retrieve him, or if it is possible to remove him with hooks (5) without mutilation (muthla), that is required, because it is possible to wash him without harm, so it is obligatory, as if he were on the surface (6) of the earth. If there is doubt regarding the clearing of the vapor, a lamp or similar object shall be lowered into it; if it goes out, the vapor remains, and if it does not go out, it has cleared, for it is said: Fire does not remain except where living creatures can survive. And if it is not possible to remove him except through mutilation, and there is no...
(3) Al-Majdur: One who is afflicted with smallpox and dies from it. (4) In the original [manuscript]: "wa-yumam" (it shall be dry-abluted). (5) Al-Kullab: A wooden tool with a hook at its end, or made of iron. (6) Omitted from the original. In [MS] A: "Zahir" (surface).
نَعْرِفْ من الصَّحابةِ مُخَالِفًا في ذلك، ولأنَّه بعضٌ من جُمْلَةٍ تَجِبُ الصلاةُ عليها، فيُصَلَّى عليه كالأكْثَرِ، وفارَق ما بانَ في الحياةِ؛ لأنَّه من جُمْلَةٍ لا يُصَلَّى عليها، والشَّعْرُ والظُّفْرُ لا حَياةَ فيه.
فصل: وإن وُجِدَ الجُزْءُ بعدَ دَفْنِ المَيِّتِ، غُسِّلَ، وصُلِّىَ عليه، ودُفِنَ إلى جانِبِ القَبْرِ، أو نُبِشَ بعضُ القَبْرِ ودُفِنَ فيه، ولا حاجَةَ إلى كَشْفِ المَيِّتِ؛ لأنَّ ضَرَرَ نَبْشِ المَيِّتِ وكَشْفِه أعْظَمُ من الضَّرَرِ بِتَفْرِقَةِ أجْزائِه.
فصل: والمَجْدُورُ (٣)، والمُحْتَرِقُ، والغَرِيقُ، إذا أمْكنَ غَسْلُه غُسِّلَ، وإن خِيفَ تَقَطُّعُهُ بالغَسْلِ صُبَّ عليه الماءُ صَبًّا، ولم يُمَسَّ، فإن خِيفَ تَقَطُّعُه بالماءِ لم يُغَسَّلْ، ويُيَمَّمُ (٤) إن أمْكَنَ، كالحَىِّ الذي يُؤْذِيه الماءُ، وإن تَعَذَّرَ غَسْلُ المَيِّتِ لِعَدَمِ الماءِ يُمِّمَ، وإن تَعَذَّرَ غَسْلُ بعضِه دونَ بعضٍ، غُسِّلَ ما أمْكَنَ غَسْلُه، ويُمِّمَ الباقِى، كالحَىِّ سواءً.
فصل: فإن ماتَ في بِئْرٍ ذات نَفَسٍ، فأمْكَنَ مُعالَجةُ البِئْرِ بالأكْسِيَةِ المَبْلُولَةِ تُدَارُ في البِئْرِ حتى تَجْتَذِبَ بُخَارَهُ، ثم يَنْزِلُ مَن يُطْلِعُه، أو أمْكَنَ إخْراجُه بِكَلَالِيبَ (٥) من غيرِ مُثْلَةٍ، لَزِمَ ذلك؛ لأنَّه أمْكَنَ غَسْلُه من غيرِ ضَرَرٍ، فلَزِمَ، كما لو كان على ظَهْرِ (٦) الأرْضِ. وإذا شُكَّ في زَوَالِ بُخارِهِ، أُنْزِلَ إليه سِرَاجٌ أو نَحْوُه، فإنَّ انْطَفَأَ فالبُخارُ بَاقٍ، وإن لم يَنْطَفِئْ فقد زالَ، فإنَّه يُقال: لا تَبْقَى النَّارُ إلَّا فيما يَعِيشُ فيه الحَيوانُ. وإن لم يُمْكِنُ إخْرَاجُه إلَّا بمُثْلَةٍ، ولم يَكُنْ إلى البِئْرِ
(٣) المجدور: من أصابه الجدرى فمات نه.(٤) في الأصل: "ويمم".(٥) الكُلَّاب: خشبة في رأسها عُقَّافة منها أو من حديد.(٦) سقط من: الأصل. وفى ا: "ظاهر".
