Some of our colleagues said: If one offers condolences to a Muslim for a Muslim, he should say: "A'zama Allahu ajraka, wa-ahsana 'azaka, wa-rahima Allahu mayyitaka" (May Allah increase your reward, make your mourning excellent, and have mercy on your deceased). Some scholars recommended saying what was narrated by Ja'far ibn Muhammad, from his father, from his grandfather, who said: When the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) passed away, and condolences came, they heard someone saying: "Indeed, in Allah there is consolation for every tragedy, a replacement for everything that perishes, and compensation for everything that is lost; so trust in Allah and hope in Him, for the truly afflicted is the one who is deprived of the reward." It was narrated by al-Shafi'i in his "Musnad". If one offers condolences to a Muslim for a non-Muslim, he should say: "A'zama Allahu ajraka, wa-ahsana 'aza'aka" (May Allah increase your reward and make your mourning excellent).
Section: Ahmad (may Allah have mercy on him) hesitated regarding offering condolences to the people of the Dhimma (protected non-Muslims), and this is extrapolated from the ruling on visiting them, regarding which there are two narrations: One is that we do not visit them, and therefore we do not offer them condolences, because of the saying of the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him): "Do not initiate the greeting of peace (salam) to them," and this is of the same meaning. The second is that we do visit them; because the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) came to a Jewish boy who had become ill, intending to visit him, so he sat at his head and said to him: "Accept Islam." The boy looked to his father, who was at his head, and the father said to him: "Obey Abu al-Qasim." He accepted Islam, and the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) stood up saying: "Praise be to Allah who saved him through me from the Fire." It was narrated by al-Bukhari. Based on this, we offer them condolences, and we say in our condolences to them for a Muslim: "Ahsana Allahu 'aza'aka" (May Allah make your mourning excellent).
(5) In: Book of Funerals. Al-Musnad 1/216. (6) In the original: "'Azama". (7) Recorded by Muslim, in: Chapter on the prohibition of initiating the greeting of peace to the People of the Book..., from the Book of Peace. Sahih Muslim 4/1707. And Abu Dawud, in: Chapter on greeting the People of the Dhimma, from the Book of Etiquette. Sunan Abi Dawud 2/463. And al-Tirmidhi, in: Chapter on what has been narrated regarding greeting the People of the Book, from the Chapters on Expeditions, and in: Chapter on what has been narrated regarding greeting the People of the Dhimma, from the Chapters on Seeking Permission. 'Aridat al-Ahwadhi 7/103, 10/175. And Ibn Majah, in: Chapter on returning the greeting of peace to the People of the Dhimma, from the Book of Etiquette. Sunan Ibn Majah 2/1219. And Imam Ahmad, in: Al-Musnad 2/263, 266, 346, 444, 459, 525, 4/144, 233, 6/398. (8) Omitted from: The original, A. (9) In: Chapter on if a boy accepts Islam and dies, should he be prayed over..., from the Book of Funerals, and in: Chapter on visiting the polytheist, from the Book of the Sick. Sahih al-Bukhari 2/118, 7/152. It was also recorded by Abu Dawud, in: Chapter on visiting the Dhimmi, =
وقال بعضُ أصْحابِنا: إذا عَزَّى مُسْلِمًا بِمُسْلِمٍ قال: أَعْظَمَ اللهُ أجْرَكَ، وأحْسَنَ عَزَاكَ، ورَحِمَ اللهُ مَيِّتَكَ. واسْتَحَبَّ بعضُ أهْلِ العِلْمِ أن يقولَ ما رَوَى جعفرُ بن محمدٍ، عن أبِيهِ، عن جَدِّه، قال: لمَّا تُوُفِّىَ رسولُ اللهِ -صلى اللَّه عليه وسلم-، وجَاءَت التَّعْزِيَةُ، سَمِعُوا قائلًا يقولُ: إنَّ في اللهِ عَزَاءً مِن كُلِّ مُصِيبَةٍ، وخَلَفًا مِن كلِّ هَالِكٍ، وَدَرَكًا مِن كلِّ ما فاتَ، فبِاللهِ فثِقُوا، وإيَّاهُ فارْجُوا، فإنَّ المُصَابَ مَن حُرِمَ الثَّوَابَ. رَوَاهُ الشَّافِعِىُّ، في "مُسْنَدِهِ" (٥). وإن عَزَّى مُسْلِمًا بِكَافِرٍ، قال: أعْظَمَ (٦) اللهُ أجْرَكَ، وأحْسَنَ عَزَاءَكَ.
فصل: وَتَوَقَّفَ أحمدُ، رَحِمَهُ اللهُ، عن تَعْزِيَةِ أهْلِ الذِّمَّةِ، وهى تُخَرَّجُ على عِيادَتِهم، وفيها روَايَتانِ: إحْدَاهما، لا نَعُودُهم، فكذلك لا نُعَزِّيهم؛ لِقَوْلِ النَّبِيِّ -صلى اللَّه عليه وسلم-: "لا تَبْدَأُوهُمْ بالسَّلَامِ" (٧). وهذا في مَعْنَاه. والثانية، نَعُودُهم؛ لأنَّ النَّبِىَّ -صلى اللَّه عليه وسلم- أَتَى غُلَامًا مِن اليَهُودِ كان مَرِضَ يَعُودُه، فقَعَدَ عندَ رَأْسِه، فقال له: "أَسْلِمْ". فنَظَرَ إلى أبِيهِ وهو عندَ رَأْسِه، فقال له (٨): أَطِعْ أبا القاسِمِ. فأسْلَمَ، فقامَ النَّبِىُّ -صلى اللَّه عليه وسلم-، وهو يقولُ: "الْحَمْدُ لِلهِ الَّذِى أَنْقَذَهُ بِى مِنَ النَّارِ". رَوَاهُ البُخَارِىُّ (٩). فعَلَى هذا نُعَزِّيهم فنقولُ في تَعْزِيَتِهم بمُسْلِمٍ: أَحْسَنَ اللهُ عَزَاءَكَ،
(٥) في: كتاب الجنائز. المسند ١/ ٢١٦.(٦) في الأصل: "عظم".(٧) أخرجه مسلم، في: باب النهى عن ابتداء أهل الكتاب بالسلام. . .، من كتاب السلام. صحيح مسلم ٤/ ١٧٠٧. وأبو داود، في: باب في السلام على أهل الذمة، من كتاب الأدب. سنن أبي داود ٢/ ٤٦٣. والترمذي، في: باب ما جاء في التسليم على أهل الكتاب، من أبواب السير، وفى: باب ما جاء في التسليم على أهل الذمة، من أبواب الاستئذان. عارضة الأحوذى ٧/ ١٠٣، ١٠/ ١٧٥. وابن ماجه، في: باب رد السلام على أهل الذمة، من كتاب الأدب. سنن أبن ماجه ٢/ ١٢١٩. والإِمام أحمد، في: المسند ٢/ ٢٦٣، ٢٦٦، ٣٤٦، ٤٤٤، ٤٥٩، ٥٢٥، ٤/ ١٤٤، ٢٣٣، ٦/ ٣٩٨.(٨) سقط من: الأصل، أ.(٩) في: باب إذا أسلم الصبى فمات هل يصلى عليه. . .، من كتاب الجنائز، وفى: باب عيادة المشرك، من كتاب المرضى. صحيح البخاري ٢/ ١١٨، ٧/ ١٥٢. كما أخرجه أبو داود، في: باب في عيادة الذمى، =
