‘Ali ibn al-Haytham al-Bazzar (13), our trusted and reliable shaykh, said: I saw Ahmad ibn Hanbal praying behind a blind man who was reciting at the graves. It has been narrated from the Prophet (may Allah bless him and grant him peace) that he said: "Whoever enters the graveyards and recites Surah Yasin, the punishment is lightened for them on that day, and he will have rewards equal to the number of those therein" (14). And it was narrated from him (peace be upon him): "Whoever visits the grave of his parents [or one of them] (15), and recites Yasin near it or near them, he will be forgiven" (16).
Section: Any act of worship one performs and assigns its reward to a deceased Muslim, he will benefit from that, God willing. As for supplication (du’a), seeking forgiveness (istighfar), charity (sadaqah), and the performance of obligatory duties (wajib), I know of no disagreement regarding them, provided the obligatory duties are among those where substitution is permitted. Allah the Almighty said: {And those who came after them, saying, "Our Lord, forgive us and our brethren who preceded us in faith"} (17). And Allah the Almighty said: {And ask forgiveness for your sin and for the believing men and believing women} (18). The Prophet (may Allah bless him and grant him peace) supplicated for Abu Salamah when he died (19), for the deceased over whom he prayed in the hadith of ‘Awf ibn Malik (20), and for every deceased person over whom he prayed (21). [And for Dhu al-Bijadayn until he buried him (22). And Allah legislated that for everyone who prays over a deceased person] (23). A man asked the Prophet (may Allah bless him and grant him peace) and said: O Messenger of Allah, my
(13) In the original: "al-Bazzaz". See his biography in Tabaqat al-Hanabilah 1/140. (14) We did not find this hadith, and there is a note in the margin of [M] indicating that it is weak, without stating the source of this judgment. (15) Omitted from: [A], [M]. (16) Extracted by Ibn ‘Adi on the authority of Abu Bakr. Al-Kamil fi Du’afa’ al-Rijal 5/180. See: Al-Fath al-Kabir by Al-Nabhani 3/195. (17) Surah Al-Hashr, 10. (18) Surah Muhammad, 19. (19) Its source was previously cited on page 365. (20) Its source was previously cited on page 414. (21) See what was previously stated on pages 413, 414. (22) Its source was previously cited on page 503. (23) Omitted from: [M].
علىٍّ الحسنُ بنُ الهَيْثَمِ البَزَّارُ (١٣)، شَيْخُنا الثِّقَةُ المَأْمُونُ، قال: رأيتُ أحمدَ بن حَنْبَلٍ يُصَلِّي خَلْفَ ضَرِيرٍ يَقْرأُ على القُبُورِ. وقد رُوِيَ عن النَّبِيِّ -صلى اللَّه عليه وسلم- أنَّه قال: "مَنْ دَخَلَ المَقَابِرَ فَقَرأَ سُورَةَ يس خُفِّفَ عَنْهُمْ يَوْمَئِذٍ، وَكَانَ لَهُ بِعَدَدِ مَنْ فِيهَا حَسَنَاتٌ" (١٤). ورُويَ عنه عليه السَّلَامُ: "مَنْ زَارَ قَبْرَ والِدَيْهِ [أوْ أحدِهما] (١٥)، فَقَرأَ عِنْدَهُ أوْ عِنْدَهُمَا يس غُفِرَ لَهُ" (١٦).
فصل: وأيُّ قُرْبَةٍ فَعَلَها، وجَعَلَ ثَوابَها لِلْمَيِّتِ المُسْلِمِ، نَفَعَهُ ذلك، إن شاءَ اللهُ، أمَّا الدُّعَاءُ، والاسْتِغْفارُ، والصَّدَقَةُ، وأداءُ الوَاجباتِ، فلا أعلمُ فيه خِلافًا، إذا كانت الواجِباتُ ممَّا يَدْخُلُه النِّيابَةُ، وقد قال اللهُ تعالى: {وَالَّذِينَ جَاءُوا مِنْ بَعْدِهِمْ يَقُولُونَ رَبَّنَا اغْفِرْ لَنَا وَلِإِخْوَانِنَا الَّذِينَ سَبَقُونَا بِالْإِيمَانِ} (١٧). وقال اللهُ تعالى: {وَاسْتَغْفِرْ لِذَنْبِكَ وَلِلْمُؤْمِنِينَ وَالْمُؤْمِنَاتِ} (١٨). ودَعَا النَّبِيُّ -صلى اللَّه عليه وسلم- لأبي سَلَمَةَ حين ماتَ (١٩)، ولِلْمَيِّتِ الذي صَلَّى عليه في حديثِ عَوْفِ بن مالكٍ (٢٠)، ولِكُلِّ مَيِّتٍ صَلَّى عليه (٢١). [ولِذِي الِبجادَيْنِ حتى دَفَنَه (٢٢). وشرَع اللهُ ذلك لكلِّ مَن صَلَّى على مَيِّتٍ] (٢٣) وسَألَ رَجُلٌ النَّبِيَّ -صلى اللَّه عليه وسلم-، فقال: يا رسولَ اللَّه، إنَّ
(١٣) في الأصل: "البزاز". وانظر ترجمته في طبقات الحنابلة ١/ ١٤٠.(١٤) لم نجد هذا الحديث، وفي حاشية م إشارة إلى أنه ضعيف، دون بيان مصدر الحكم عليه.(١٥) سقط من: أ، م.(١٦) أخرجه ابن عدي عن أبي بكر. الكامل في ضعفاء الرجال ٥/ ١٨٠. وانظر: الفتح الكبير للنبهاني ٣/ ١٩٥.(١٧) سورة الحشر ١٠.(١٨) سورة محمد ١٩.(١٩) تقدم تخريجه في صفحة ٣٦٥.(٢٠) تقدم تخريجه في صفحة ٤١٤.(٢١) انظر ما تقدم في صفحة ٤١٣، ٤١٤.(٢٢) تقدم تخريجه في صفحة ٥٠٣.(٢٣) سقط من: م.
