this is established, the obligation upon him is the Zakat of the mine, not the Zakat of the price; because the Zakat is tied specifically to the substance of the mine, or its value if it is not of the species of currencies. Thus, it is similar to one who sells grazing livestock after a year has passed, or crops or fruit after their ripeness has become apparent.
Section: Whoever leases his house and receives its rent, there is no Zakat upon him for it until a year has passed over it. From Ahmad, there is a narration that he must pay Zakat upon it when he acquires it. The correct view is the former, due to the saying of the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him): "There is no Zakat on wealth until a year has passed over it." Furthermore, it is wealth acquired through a commutative contract, so it resembles the price of sold goods. The statement of Ahmad in the other narration is interpreted as referring to one who leases his house for a year and receives its rent at the end of it; he obligated Zakat upon it because he possessed it from the beginning of the year, so it became like other debts: if he receives it after a year, he pays Zakat upon it when he collects it. Indeed, he explicitly stated this in some of his narrations, so the absolute language of his statement is interpreted in light of his qualified statement.
(58) Omitted from: the original, B. (59) Its sourcing was provided previously on page 73.
ثَبَتَ هذا، فالواجِبُ عليه زَكَاةُ المَعْدِنِ، لا زَكَاة الثَّمَنِ؛ لأنَّ الزكاةَ إنَّما تَعَلَّقَتْ بعَيْنِ المَعْدِنِ، أو بِقِيمَتِه إن لم يَكُنْ من جنْسِ الأثْمانِ، فأَشْبَهَ ما لو باعَ السَّائِمَةَ بعدَ حَوْلِها، أو الزَّرْعَ أو الثَّمَرَةَ بعد بُدُوِّ صَلَاحِها.
فصل: ومن أَجَّرَ دَارَهُ، فقَبَضَ كِرَاهَا، فلا زَكَاةَ عليه فيه حتى يَحُولَ عليه (٥٨) الحَوْلُ، وعن أحمدَ، أنَّه يُزَكِّيه إذا اسْتَفَادَهُ. والصَّحِيحُ الأوَّلُ؛ لِقَوْلِ النَّبِىِّ -صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ-: "لَا زَكَاةَ في مَالٍ حَتَّى يَحُولَ عليه الحَوْلُ" (٥٩). ولأنَّه مالٌ مُسْتَفَادٌ بِعَقْدِ مُعَاوَضَةٍ، فأشْبَهَ ثَمَنَ المَبِيعِ. وكَلَامُ أحمدَ، فى الرِّوَايَةِ الأخْرَى، مَحْمُولٌ على مَن أجَّرَ دَارَهُ سَنَةً، وقَبَضَ أُجْرَتَها فى آخِرِها، فأوْجَبَ عليها زَكَاتَها، لأنَّه قد مَلَكَها من أَوَّلِ الحَوْلِ، فصَارَتْ كسَائِرِ الدُّيُونِ، إذا قَبَضَها بعد حَوْلٍ زَكَّاهَا حين يَقْبِضُها، فإنَّه قد صَرَّحَ بذلك فى بَعْضِ الرِّوَايَاتِ عنه، فيُحْمَلُ مُطْلَقُ كَلَامِه على مُقَيَّدِهِ.
(٥٨) سقط من: الأصل، ب.(٥٩) تقدم تخريجه فى صفحة ٧٣.