Thawr. Al-Hasan, Ikrimah, al-Thawri, Abu Hanifa, and Abu Yusuf said: There is no fitra upon any one of them because none of them has complete authority over him, resembling the mukatab. As for our evidence, it is the generality of the hadiths, and because he is a Muslim slave owned by one who is capable of paying the fitra, and he is one of those eligible for it, so it becomes mandatory upon him, just like the slave of a single owner. He differs from the mukatab in that his master is not obligated to provide his sustenance. Furthermore, the mukatab pays the zakat al-fitr for himself, unlike the full slave (qinn), and authority is not considered a condition for the obligation of fitra, as evidenced by the slave of a child. Then, his authority belongs to all of them, so his fitra is upon them. There is a difference of opinion in the narration regarding the amount mandatory upon each of them. In one of them, it is a sa' upon each one, because it is a purification, and it is necessary to complete it upon each of the partners, like the expiation for killing. The second [narration] is that there is one sa' for all of them, [to be paid] by each one of them according to the extent of his ownership share. This is the apparent view from Ahmad. Fawzan said: Ahmad recanted this issue and said: Each one of them shall give half a sa'. Meaning he recanted from mandating a full sa' upon each one. This is the view of all those who made his fitra mandatory upon his masters, because the Prophet—peace be upon him—made one sa' mandatory for each individual, and this is general for both the jointly-owned and others. Also, because his maintenance is divided among them, so is his fitra, which is a consequence of it. Furthermore, because he is a single person, multiple sa's are not mandatory for him, unlike other people. And because it is a purification, it is mandatory upon his masters proportionally, like the water for bathing (ghusl) from major ritual impurity (janaba) when it is needed. With this, what we mentioned for the first narration is invalidated.
Section: As for someone who is partially free, his fitra is upon himself and his master. This is the view of al-Shafi'i and Abu Thawr. Malik said: It is upon the free person according to his share, and nothing is upon the slave. As for our evidence, he is a Muslim slave [whose sustenance is mandatory] upon two individuals who are among those obligated to pay fitra, so his fitra is upon both of them.
(5) In (A), (B), and (M): "li-mamluk" (for a slave). (6) He is Abd Allah ibn Muhammad ibn al-Muhajir. Imam Ahmad respected him and considered him among his companions whom he prioritized, felt comfortable with, confided in, and borrowed from. He died in the year 256 AH. Tabaqat al-Hanabila 1/195, 196. (7) In the original and (A): "minhuma" (from both of them). (8) In (B) and (M): "ala" (upon). (9) In (M): "talzamuhu fitratuhu" (his fitra is mandatory upon him).
