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حولتواصلتبرّعبيانات النشرالخصوصيةشروط الاستخدامحق الانسحابإلغاء اشتراك
المغني لابن قدامة - ت التركي
مجلد 4 · صفحة 36

الترجمة · EN

between (2) gazelles and sheep, and that Zakat is required on them by consensus. According to this view, they are combined with their genus from the domestic animals in the obligation of Zakat, their nisab is completed by them, and they are treated as one of their types. However, the view that Zakat is not required on them is more correct, because the primary principle is the negation of obligation, and it is only established by a textual evidence (nass), consensus (ijma'), or analogy (qiyas). There is no textual evidence for this, nor is there consensus; rather, it is only for the livestock (bahimat al-an'am) from the eight pairs, and these are not included in their name, nor their ruling, nor their reality, nor their meaning. For that which is produced between two things is distinct from them in its name, genus, and ruling, such as the mule produced between a horse and a donkey, the sim' (6) produced between a wolf and a hyena, and the 'isbar (7) produced between a male hyena and a female wolf. Likewise, that which is produced between [gazelles and goats is not a goat] (8) nor a gazelle, and the texts of the Lawgiver do not apply to it, and it is impossible to apply analogy to it due to the distance between the two, and the difference in their rulings, in that it does not suffice for a sacrificial offering (hady), nor a sacrifice (udhiyya), nor for blood money (diya). If one were to enter into a contract (salam) regarding sheep, the contract would not cover it, and if one appointed an agent to buy a sheep, it would not fall under the agency. It does not yield what is yielded by sheep (10), such as milk and abundant offspring; rather, it is apparent that it has no offspring (11) at all. For that which is produced between two things (12) has no offspring, like mules, and that which has no offspring yields no milk. Thus, analogy is prevented, and it does not enter into any text or

الحواشي

(2) In A and M: "min" (from). (3) In M: "thabata" (was established). (4) In A and B: "fiha" (in it). (5) In M: "ajnasiha" (their genera). (6) In M: "wa al-sab'" (and the beast/predator) is a corruption. (7) In M: "wa al-'isar" (and the difficulty/adversity) is an error. (8) In the original: "the gazelle and the goat is not a goat". (9) Thus it is in the manuscripts. (10) In M: "al-shah" (the sheep). (11) In M: "yansil" (it reproduces). (12) In M: "thintayn" (two).

العربية (المصدر)

بين (٢) الظِّبَاءِ والغَنَمِ، وفيها الزكاةُ بالاتِّفَاقِ، فعلى هذا القَوْلِ تُضَمُّ إلى جِنْسِها من الأَهْلِىِّ فى وُجُوبِ الزكاةِ، وتُكَمّلُ بها نِصَابُه، وتكونُ كأحَدِ أنْوَاعِه، والقَوْلُ بِانْتِفَاءِ الزكاةِ فيها أصَحُّ؛ لأنَّ الأصْلَ انْتِفَاءُ الوُجُوبِ، وإنَّما يثْبُتُ (٣) بِنَصٍّ أو إجْماعٍ أو قِياسٍ، ولا نَصَّ فى هذه ولا إجْماعَ، إنَّما هو فى بَهِيمَةِ الأنْعامِ من الأزْوَاجِ الثَّمانِيَةِ، وليستْ هذه دَاخِلَةً في (٤) اسْمهِا (٥)، ولا حُكْمِها، ولا حَقِيقَتِها، ولا مَعْنَاها؛ فإنَّ المُتَوَلِّدَ بين شَيْئَيْنِ يَنْفَرِدُ بِاسْمِهِ وجنْسِه وحُكْمِه عنهما، كالبَغْلِ المُتَوَلِّدِ بين الفَرَسِ والحِمَارِ، والسِّمْعِ (٦) المُتَوَلِّدِ بين الذِّئْبِ والضَّبُعِ، والعِسْبار (٧) المُتَوَلِّدِ بين الضِّبعَانِ والذِّئبة، فكَذَلِكَ المُتَوَلِّدُ بين [الظِّبَاءِ والمَعْزِ ليس بِمَعْزٍ] (٨) ولا ظَبْى، ولا يَتَنَاوَلُه نُصُوصُ الشَّارِعِ، ولا يُمْكِنُ قِياسُه عليها، لِتَبَاعُدِ ما بَيْنَهما، واخْتِلَافِ حُكْمِهِما، فى كَوْنِه لا يُجْزِئ فى هَدْىٍ ولا أُضْحِيَةٍ ولا دِيَةٍ، ولو أسْلَمَ (٩) فى الغَنَمِ لم يَتَنَاوَلْهُ العَقْدُ، ولو وَكَّلَ وَكِيلًا فى شِرَاءِ شاةٍ، لم يَدْخُلْ فى الوَكَالَةِ، ولا يَحْصُلُ منه ما يَحْصُلُ من الشِّياهِ (١٠)؛ من الدَّرِّ، وكَثْرَةِ النَّسْلِ، بل الظَّاهِرُ أنَّه لا نَسْلَ (١١) له أصْلًا، فإن المُتَوَلّدَ بين شَيْئَيْن (١٢) لا نَسْلَ له كالبِغالِ، وما لا نَسْلَ له لا دَرَّ فيه، فامْتَنَعَ القِياسُ، ولم يَدْخُلْ فى نَصٍّ ولا

الحواشي

(٢) فى ا، م: "من".(٣) فى م: "ثبت".(٤) فى ا، ب: "فيها".(٥) فى م: "أجناسها".(٦) فى م: "والسبع" تحريف.(٧) فى م: "والعسار" خطأ.(٨) فى الأصل: "الظبي والماعز ليس بماعز".(٩) كذا فى النسخ.(١٠) فى م: "الشاة".(١١) فى م: "ينسل".(١٢) فى م: "ثنتين".

السابقمجلد 4 · صفحة 36التالي
السابق4·36التالي