the Decree (al-Qadr); because that which will occur in that year, of good, misfortune, provision, and blessing, is decreed therein. This is narrated from Ibn Abbas. Allah the Almighty said: {Therein is determined every wise matter} (8). He called it blessed, for He said, the Almighty: {Indeed, We sent it down during a blessed night; indeed, We were to warn [mankind]} (9). This is Laylat al-Qadr, by the evidence of His saying, the Glorified: {Indeed, We sent it [the Qur'an] down during the Night of Decree} (10). And the Almighty said: {The month of Ramadan [is that] in which was revealed the Qur'an} (11). It is narrated that Gabriel descended with it from Bayt al-'Izzah to the lowest heaven on Laylat al-Qadr, then he descended with it upon the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) in stages over twenty-three years (12). It remains and has not been lifted, based on what Abu Dharr narrated, saying: I said: O Messenger of Allah, was Laylat al-Qadr lifted along with the Prophets, or does it remain until the Day of Resurrection? He said: "It remains until the Day of Resurrection." I said: In Ramadan or other than it? He said: "In Ramadan." I said: In the first ten, or the second, or the last? He said: "In the last ten" (13). The majority of scholars hold that it is in Ramadan. Ibn Mas'ud used to say: Whoever stands in prayer throughout the year will encounter it. He indicated that it is throughout the whole year. In the Book of Allah the Almighty, there is that which clarifies that it is in Ramadan, because Allah informed that He revealed the Qur'an on Laylat al-Qadr, and that He revealed it in Ramadan; therefore, Laylat al-Qadr must be in Ramadan so that the two reports do not contradict. Furthermore, the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) mentioned that it is in Ramadan in the hadith of Abu Dharr, and he said: "Seek it in the last ten nights, in every odd-numbered one." (Agreed upon) (14). Ubayy ibn
= and it is the Tarawih, from the Book of the Traveler's Prayer. Sahih Muslim 1/524. (8) Surah ad-Dukhan 4. (9) Surah ad-Dukhan 3. (10) Surah al-Qadr 1. (11) Surah al-Baqarah 185. (12) See Tafsir al-Qurtubi 20/130. (13) Recorded by al-Bayhaqi, in: The Chapter on the evidence that it is in every Ramadan, from the Book of Fasting. Al-Sunan al-Kubra 4/307. (14) Recorded by al-Bukhari, in: The Chapter on seeking Laylat al-Qadr in the last seven nights, from the Book of Laylat al-Qadr, and in: The Chapter on I'tikaf and the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) going out on the morning of the twentieth, from the Book of I'tikaf. Sahih al-Bukhari 3/60, 64. =
القَدْرِ؛ لأنَّه يُقَدَّرُ فيها ما يَكُونُ فى تِلْكَ السَّنَةِ من خَيْرٍ ومُصِيبَةٍ، ورِزْقٍ وبَرَكَةٍ. يُرْوَى ذلك عن ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ، قال اللهُ تعالى: {فِيهَا يُفْرَقُ كُلُّ أَمْرٍ حَكِيمٍ} (٨). وسَمَّاهَا مُبَارَكَةً، فقال تعالى: {إِنَّا أَنْزَلْنَاهُ فِي لَيْلَةٍ مُبَارَكَةٍ إِنَّا كُنَّا مُنْذِرِينَ} (٩). وهى لَيْلَةُ القَدْرِ؛ بدَلِيلِ قَوْلِه سُبْحَانَهُ: {إِنَّا أَنْزَلْنَاهُ فِي لَيْلَةِ الْقَدْرِ} (١٠). وقال تعالى: {شَهْرُ رَمَضَانَ الَّذِي أُنْزِلَ فِيهِ الْقُرْآنُ} (١١). يُرْوَى أنَّ جِبْرِيلَ نَزَلَ به من بَيْتِ العِزَّةِ إلى السَّمَاءِ الدُّنْيَا فى لَيْلَةِ القَدْرِ، ثم نَزَل به على النَّبىِّ -صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ- نُجُومًا فى ثَلَاثٍ وعِشْرِينَ سَنَةً (١٢). وهى بَاقِيَةٌ لم تُرْفَعْ؛ لما رَوَى أبو ذَرٍّ قال، قلتُ: يا رسولَ اللهِ، لَيْلَةُ القَدْرِ رُفِعَتْ مع الأنْبِيَاءِ، أو هى بَاقِيَةٌ إلى يَوْمِ القِيامَةِ؟ قال: "بَاقِيَةٌ إلَى يَوْمِ القِيَامَةِ". قلتُ: فى رمضانَ أو فى غَيرْهِ؟ فقال: "فِى رَمَضَانَ". فقلتُ: فى العَشْرِ الأوَّلِ، أو الثانى، أو الآخِر؟ فقال: "فِى العَشْرِ الآخِرِ" (١٣). وأكْثَرُ أهْلِ العِلْمِ على أنَّها فى رمضانَ. وكان ابنُ مسعودٍ يقولُ: مَن يَقُمِ الحَوْلَ يُصِبْها. يُشيرُ إلى أنَّها فى السَّنَةِ كُلِّها. وفى كِتَابِ اللهِ تعالى ما يُبَيِّنُ أنَّها فى رمضانَ؛ لأنَّ اللهَ أخْبَرَ أنَّه أنْزَلَ القُرْآنَ فى لَيْلَةِ القَدْرِ، وأنَّه أنْزَلَهُ فى رمضانَ، فيَجِبُ أن تَكُونَ لَيْلَةُ القَدْرِ فى رمضانَ؛ لئَلَّا يَتَناقَضَ الخَبَرَانِ، ولأنَّ النَّبِىَّ -صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ- ذَكَرَ أنَّها فى رمضانَ فى حَدِيثِ أبى ذَرٍّ، وقال: "الْتَمِسُوهَا فى العَشْرِ الأَوَاخِرِ، فِى كُلِّ وَتْرٍ". مُتَّفَقٌ عليه (١٤). وقال أُبَىُّ بنُ
= وهو التراويح، من كتاب صلاة المسافرين. صحيح مسلم ١/ ٥٢٤.(٨) سورة الدخان ٤.(٩) سورة الدخان ٣.(١٠) سورة القدر ١.(١١) سورة البقرة ١٨٥.(١٢) انظر تفسير القرطبى ٢٠/ ١٣٠.(١٣) أخرجه البيهقى، فى: باب الدليل على أنها فى كل رمضان، من كتاب الصيام. السنن الكبرى ٤/ ٣٠٧.(١٤) أخرجه البخارى، فى: باب التماس ليلة القدر فى السبع الأواخر، من كتاب ليلة القدر، وفى: باب الاعتكاف وخرج النبى -صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ- صبيحة عشرين، من كتاب الاعتكاف. صحيح البخارى ٣/ ٦٠، ٦٤.=