al-Riyashi (9) said: I saw Ahmad ibn al-Mu'adhdhal (10) at the standing place [Mawqif] on a [very hot] (11) day, and he had exposed himself to the sun. I said to him, "O Abu al-Fadl, this is a matter about which there is disagreement, so if you were to take the path of leniency..." He began to recite:

I exposed myself to Him so that I might find shelter in His shade When the shade becomes thin on the Day of Resurrection

Alas, if your endeavor was void And how great the regret if your Hajj was deficient.

Section: There is no harm in seeking shade under a roof, a wall, a tree, or a tent. If one descends beneath a tree, there is no harm in throwing a garment over it to seek shade by it, according to all scholars. Authentic reports support this, for Jabir said in the hadith of the Prophet's (may Allah bless him and grant him peace) Hajj: "He ordered a tent of hair to be set up for him at Namirah (12)." He came to 'Arafah and found the tent had been set up for him at Namirah, so he descended there until the sun had passed its zenith. Collected by Muslim, Ibn Majah, and others (13). Also, there is no harm in setting up a garment before him to protect him from the sun and cold, whether a person holds it or he raises it on a wooden frame, similar to what was narrated in the hadith of Umm al-Husayn, that Bilal or Usamah was raising a garment to shield the Prophet (may Allah bless him and grant him peace) from the heat (14). Because that is not intended for permanence, there is no harm in it, just like seeking shade by a wall.