for smelling, such as musk, ambergris, camphor, ghaliya (a type of compound perfume), saffron, rose water, and scented oils, such as violet oil and the like.

Section: Plants that have a pleasant scent are of three types: First, those not grown for perfume and from which perfume is not made, such as desert plants like wild wormwood (shih), southernwood (qaysum), lavender, all fruits like citron, apples, quinces, and others, and what humans grow without the intention of perfume, such as henna and safflower. Smelling these is permissible, and there is no ransom (fidyah) for it. We are not aware of any disagreement regarding this, except what was narrated from Ibn Umar, who disliked for a person in ihram to smell anything from the plants of the earth, such as wormwood, southernwood, and others. We do not know of anyone who has made anything mandatory for that, as they are not intended for perfume, nor is perfume made from them; they are like the rest of the plants of the earth. It has been narrated that the wives of the Messenger of Allah (may Allah bless him and grant him peace) used to enter ihram while wearing clothes dyed with safflower. Second, that which humans grow for its scent, but from which perfume is not made, such as Persian basil, marjoram, narcissus, and baram (a type of fragrant flower). There are two views regarding this: One is that it is permissible without a ransom. This was stated by Uthman ibn Affan, Ibn Abbas, al-Hasan, Mujahid, and Ishaq. The other is that it is forbidden to smell it, and if one does so, a ransom is due. This is the opinion of Jabir, Ibn Umar, al-Shafi'i, and Abu Thawr, because it is grown for its scent, so it is like a rose. Malik and the People of Opinion disliked it, but did not mandate anything for it.