she should declare the intention for Hajj alongside her 'Umrah, and she becomes a Qarinah (one performing Qiran). This is the view of Malik, al-Awza'i, al-Shafi'i, and a large number of the scholars. Abu Hanifah said: She should abandon the 'Umrah and declare the intention for Hajj. Ahmad said: Abu Hanifah said that she abandoned the 'Umrah, so it became a Hajj, and no one said this other than Abu Hanifah. He argued based on what 'Urwah narrated from 'Aishah, who said: "I declared the intention for 'Umrah, then I arrived in Mecca while I was menstruating. I did not circumambulate the House, nor did I perform the Sa'i (running) between al-Safa and al-Marwah. I complained about this to the Messenger of God (may God bless him and grant him peace), and he said: 'Unbind your hair, comb it, declare the intention for Hajj, and leave the 'Umrah.'" She said: "So I did. When we had finished the Hajj, the Messenger of God (may God bless him and grant him peace) sent me with 'Abd al-Rahman ibn Abi Bakr to al-Tan'im, and I performed 'Umrah with him. He said: 'This 'Umrah is in place of your 'Umrah.'" This is agreed upon. This indicates that she abandoned her 'Umrah and entered into the state of Ihram for Hajj based on three aspects: first, his saying: "Leave your 'Umrah"; second, his saying: "And comb [your hair]"; and third, his saying: "This 'Umrah is in place of your 'Umrah." Our evidence is what Jabir narrated, saying: "'Aishah arrived for 'Umrah, and when she was at Sarif, she menstruated. Then the Messenger of God (may God bless him and grant him peace) entered upon 'Aishah and found her crying. He said: 'What is the matter with you?' She said: 'My matter is that I have menstruated, while the people have exited their state of Ihram, but I have not, and I have not circumambulated the House, and the people are now going to Hajj.' He said: 'This is a matter that God has decreed for the daughters of Adam. So perform Ghusl (ritual bath), then declare the intention for Hajj.' She did so and stood at the [prescribed] stations [of Hajj], and when she became pure, she circumambulated the Ka'bah and performed the Sa'i between al-Safa and al-Marwah. Then he said: 'You have exited the state of Ihram from your Hajj and your 'Umrah.' She said: 'O Messenger of God, I feel in my soul that I have not circumambulated the House.'"
(2) In the original: "and it became". In A: "and it became". (3) In A, B, and M: "we declared the intention". (4) Its verification was previously provided on page 242. (5) 'Arakat al-mar'ah (a woman menstruates): she has begun her period. (6) Omitted from A. (7) From al-wajd, which is sadness. (8) Omitted from the original.
أَحْرَمَتْ بِالحَجِّ مع عُمْرَتِها، وتَصِيرُ قَارِنَةً. وهذا قولُ مالِكٍ، والأوْزاعِىِّ، والشَّافِعِىِّ، وكَثِيرٍ من أهْلِ العِلْمِ. وقال أبو حنيفةَ: تَرْفُضُ العُمْرَةَ، وتُهِلُّ بِالحَجِّ. قال أحمدُ: قال أبو حنيفةَ قد رَفَضَتِ العُمْرَةَ فصارَ (٢) حَجًّا، وما قال هذا أحَدٌ غيرُ أبى حنيفةَ. وَاحْتَجَّ بما رَوَى عُرْوَةُ، عن عائشةَ، قالت: أهلَلْتُ (٣) بِعُمْرَةٍ، فَقَدِمْتُ مَكَّةَ وأنا حَائِضٌ، لم أَطُفْ بِالْبَيْتِ، ولا بين الصَّفَا والمَرْوَةِ، فَشَكَوْتُ ذلك إلى رسولِ اللهِ -صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ- فقال: "انْقُضِى رَأْسَكِ، وَامْتَشِطِى، وأَهِلِّى بِالْحَجِّ، وَدَعِى العُمْرَةَ". قالت: فَفَعَلْتُ. فلمَّا قَضَيْنَا الحَجَّ أرْسَلَنِى رَسولُ اللهِ -صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ- مع عبدِ الرحمن بن أبى بكرٍ إلى التَّنْعِيمِ، فاعْتَمَرْتُ معه. فقال: "هذِهِ عُمْرَةٌ مَكَانَ عُمْرَتِكِ". مُتَّفَقٌ عليه (٤). وهذا يَدُلُّ على أنَّها رَفَضَتْ عُمْرَتها، وأحْرَمَتْ بِحَجٍّ من وُجُوهٍ ثلاثةٍ؛ أحدُها، قولُه: "دَعِى عُمْرَتَكِ". والثانى، قولُه: "وَامْتَشِطِى". والثالث، قوله: "هذه عُمْرَةٌ مَكَانَ عُمْرَتكِ". ولَنا، ما رَوَى جابِرٌ، قال: أقْبَلَتْ عَائِشَةُ بِعُمْرَةٍ، حتى إذا كانت بِسَرِفٍ عَرَكَتْ (٥)، ثم دَخَلَ رسولُ اللهِ -صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ- على عائِشةَ، فوَجَدَها تَبْكِى، فقال: "مَا شَأْنُكِ؟ " قالتْ: شَأْنِى أنِّى قد حِضْتُ، وقد حَلَّ النّاسُ، ولم أحِلَّ، ولم أَطُفْ بِالْبَيْتِ، والناسُ يَذْهَبُونَ إلى الحَجِّ الآن. فقال: "إنَّ هذَا أَمْرٌ (٦) كَتَبَهُ اللَّه عَلَى بَنَاتِ آدَمَ، فَاغْتَسِلِى، ثُمَّ أَهِلِّى بِالحَجِّ" فَفَعَلَتْ، وَوَقَفَتِ المَواقِفَ، حتى إذا طَهُرَتْ، طَافَتْ بالكَعْبَةِ، وبِالصَّفَا والمَرْوَةِ. ثم قال: "قَدْ حَلَلْتِ مِنْ حَجِّكِ وعُمْرَتِكِ". قالتْ: يا رسولَ اللَّه، إنِّى أجِدُ (٧) فى نَفْسِى أنِّى لم أطُفْ بِالْبَيْتِ (٨)
(٢) فى الأصل: "وصارت". وفى ا: "وصار".(٣) فى أ، ب، م: "أهللنا".(٤) تقدم تخريجه فى صفحة ٢٤٢.(٥) عرَكَت المرأة، تعرُك عَرْكًا وعراكًا وعُروكًا: حاضت.(٦) سقط من: أ.(٧) من الوجد، وهو الحزن.(٨) سقط من: الأصل.
