For the introduction of 'Umrah into Hajj does not yield any benefit for it beyond what the first contract yielded; thus, it is invalid, just as if one were to hire someone for a task and then hire him for it a second time within the same period. The reverse of this is the introduction of Hajj into 'Umrah.
673 - Issue; He said: "And whoever has sexual intercourse before stoning the Jamrat al-'Aqabah, the Hajj of both of them is corrupted, and he is liable for a sacrificial camel (badana) if he coerced her, and there is no blood-sacrifice (dam) upon her."
There are three sections in this issue: The first section is that sexual intercourse before stoning the Jamrat al-'Aqabah corrupts the Hajj, and there is no difference between before the standing at Arafat and after it. This is the view of Malik and al-Shafi'i. The scholars of opinion (Ashab al-Ra'y) said: If he has sexual intercourse after the standing, his Hajj is not corrupted, because of the Prophet's saying (may God bless him and grant him peace): "Whoever catches Arafat, his Hajj is complete." And because he is safe from the expiration of time (fawat), so he is safe from corruption, just as after the first stage of exiting ihram. Our argument is that a man asked Ibn 'Abbas and 'Abd Allah ibn 'Amr, saying: "I have had relations with my wife while we were both in the state of ihram." They both said to him: "You have corrupted your Hajj." And they did not ask the inquirer for details. This was recorded by al-Athram. And because it is sexual intercourse that occurred during a complete state of ihram, so it corrupted it, just like before the standing. It differs from the state after the first stage of exiting ihram, for the ihram is not complete there. What is meant by the tradition is the safety from the expiration of time, and safety from the expiration of time does not necessitate safety from corruption. By the evidence of 'Umrah, one is safe from its expiration but not safe from its corruption. Ahmad said: "I do not know anyone who said that his Hajj is complete, other than Abu Hanifah. He says: Hajj is 'Arafat, so whoever stands there, his Hajj is complete." This is only like the saying of the Prophet (may God bless him and grant him peace): "Whoever catches a rak'ah of the prayer, he has caught the prayer."
(1) Omitted from A, B, and M. (2) Its recording has already been mentioned on page 273. (3) Recorded by al-Bayhaqi in the chapter on what corrupts Hajj, from the book of Hajj, Al-Sunan al-Kubra 5/167, 168. And by al-Hakim in the chapter on the issue of the muhrim if he has relations with his wife, from the book of Transactions, Al-Mustadrak 2/65. (4) The conjunction "wa" (and) was omitted from the original. (5) Its recording has already been mentioned in 2/17.
إدْخالَ العُمْرَةِ على الحَجِّ لا يُفِيدُه إلَّا ما أفَادَهُ العَقْدُ الأَوَّلُ، فلم يَصِحَّ، كما لو اسْتَأجَرَهُ على عَمَلٍ، ثم اسْتَأْجَرَه عليه ثَانِيًا فى المُدَّةِ، وعَكْسُه إدْخَالُ الحَجِّ على العُمْرَةِ.
٦٧٣ - مسألة؛ قال: (وَمَنْ وَطِئَ قَبْلَ رَمْىِ جَمْرَةِ الْعَقَبَةِ، فَقَدْ فَسَدَ حَجُّهُمَا، وَعَلَيْهِ بَدَنَةٌ إنْ كَانَ اسْتَكْرَهَهَا، وَلَا دَمَ عَلَيْهَا)
وفى هذه المَسْأَلَةِ ثلاثةُ فُصولٍ: الفصلُ الأوَّلُ، أنَّ الوَطْءَ قبلَ رَمْىِ (١) جَمْرَةِ العَقَبَةِ يُفْسِدُ الحَجَّ، ولا فَرْقَ بين ما قبلَ الوُقوفِ وبعدَه. وبهذا قال مَالِكٌ، والشَّافِعِىُّ. وقال أصْحابُ الرَّأْىِ: إن وَطِئَ بعد الوُقوفِ لم يَفْسُدْ حَجُّهُ؛ لِقَوْلِ النَّبِىِّ -صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ-: "مَنْ أَدْرَكَ عَرَفَةَ فَقَدْ تَمَّ حَجُّهُ" (٢). ولأنَّه أمِنَ الفَواتَ، فأمِنَ الفَسادَ، كما بعدَ التَّحَلُّلِ الأوَّلِ. ولَنا، أنَّ رَجُلًا سَألَ ابنَ عَبّاسٍ وعبدَ اللهِ بنَ عَمْرٍو، فقال: وَقَعْتُ بأهْلِى ونحنُ مُحْرِمانِ. فقالا له: أفْسَدْتَ حَجَّكَ. ولم يَسْتَفْصِلُوا السَّائِلَ. رَوَاهُ الأثْرَمُ (٣). ولأنَّه وَطْءٌ صادَفَ إحْرَامًا تَامًّا فأفْسَدَهُ، كقَبْلِ الوُقُوفِ، ويُخَالِفُ ما بعدَ التَّحَلُّلِ الأَوَّلِ، فإنَّ الإِحْرامَ غيرُ تامٍّ، والمُرَادُ من الخَبَرِ الأمْنُ من الفَوَاتِ، ولا يَلْزَمُ من أمْنِ الفَواتِ أمْنُ الفَسادِ، وبِدَلِيلِ (٤) العُمْرَةِ يَأْمَنُ فَواتَها ولا يَأْمَنُ فَسادَها. قال أحمدُ: لا أعْلَمُ أحَدًا قال: إنَّ حَجَّهُ تَامٌّ. غيرَ أبى حنيفةَ، يقولُ: الحَجُّ عَرَفَات، فمَن وَقَفَ بها فقد تَمَّ حَجُّهُ. وإنَّما هذا مثلُ قولِ النَّبِيِّ -صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ-: "مَنْ أدْرَكَ رَكْعَةً من الصَّلَاةِ، فَقَدْ أَدْرَكَ الصَّلَاةَ" (٥).
(١) سقط من: أ، ب، م.(٢) تقدم تخريجه فى صفحة ٢٧٣.(٣) وأخرجه البيهقى، فى: باب ما يفسد الحج، من كتاب الحج. السنن الكبرى ٥/ ١٦٧، ١٦٨. والحاكم، فى: باب مسألة المحرم إذا وقع بامرأته، من كتاب البيوع. المستدرك ٢/ ٦٥.(٤) سقطت واو العطف من: الأصل.(٥) تقدم تخريجه فى ٢/ ١٧.