that its offspring does not follow it; because what is due upon one's liability is a single thing, so two are not required of him. The correct view is that it follows its mother in the obligation; because it is the offspring of a mandatory sacrificial animal, so it is itself mandatory, just like one designated from the start. Al-Mughirah ibn Hadhf said: A man brought a cow to Ali which had given birth, and he [Ali] said to him: "Do not drink of its milk except for what remains surplus after its offspring has been fed. When the day of sacrifice arrives, sacrifice both it and its offspring on behalf of seven people." This was recorded by Sa'id and al-Athram (21). If the animal designated as a replacement for a duty upon the liability develops a defect, and we hold that he is to slaughter it, he shall slaughter its offspring along with it; because it is an appendage to it. If we hold that its designation is void and it returns to its owner, it is possible that the designation is voided for its offspring as an appendage, just like its inseparable growth, and it is possible that it is not voided and remains for the poor; because it followed the mother in the obligation while it was attached to it, and it does not follow it in the cessation [of that obligation] because it is detached from it, just like the offspring of a defective sold animal if it is born while with the buyer, and then he returns it—the sale is not voided regarding its offspring. Likewise, if a Mudabbar slave kills its master and its management for freedom is voided, it is not voided regarding its offspring.
Section: The one who offers the sacrificial animal may drink the milk of the sacrificial animal; because its remaining in the udder harms it. If it has offspring, he shall not drink anything except what is surplus to its offspring, based on the report of Ali, may Allah be pleased with him, that we mentioned. If he drinks that which harms the mother, or that which is not surplus to the offspring, he is liable for it; because he transgressed by taking it. If its wool causes harm to it if left on, he may shear it and give it as charity to the poor. The difference between this and the milk is that the wool was present at the time it was made mandatory, so it was mandatory along with it, whereas the milk is renewed in it bit by bit, so it is like its benefit and riding it.
Section: He may ride it when in need, in a manner that does not harm it. Ahmad said: He should not ride it except in cases of necessity. This is the opinion of al-Shafi'i, Ibn al-Mundhir, and the scholars of opinion, because the Messenger of Allah (may Allah bless him and grant him peace) said: "Ride it with kindness when you are compelled to do so, until you find a [substitute] mount."
(21) Recorded by al-Bayhaqi, in: Chapter on the milk of a sacrificial camel not being drunk except after its young is sated, from the Book of Hajj. Al-Sunan al-Kubra 5/237.
يَتْبَعَها وَلَدُها؛ لأنَّ ما فى الذِّمَّةِ وَاحِدٌ، فلا يَلْزَمُه اثْنانِ. والصَّحِيحُ أنَّه يَتْبَعُ أُمَّه فى الوُجوبِ؛ لأَنَّه وَلَدُ هَدْىٍ وَاجِبٍ، فكان وَاجِبًا، كالمُعَيَّنِ ابْتِدَاءً. وقال المُغِيرَةُ ابن حَذَفٍ: أتَى رَجُلٌ عليًّا بِبَقَرَةٍ قد أوْلَدَها، فقال له: لا تَشْرَبْ من لَبَنِها إلَّا ما فَضَلَ عن وَلَدِهَا، فإذا كان يومُ الأضْحَى ضَحَّيْتَ بها وَوَلَدِها عن سَبْعَةٍ. رَواهُ سَعِيدٌ، والأثْرَمُ (٢١). وإن تَعَيَّبَتِ المُعَيَّنَةُ عن الواجِبِ فى الذِّمَّةِ، وقُلْنا: يَذْبَحُها. ذَبَحَ وَلَدَها معها؛ لأنَّه تَبَعٌ لها. وإن قُلْنَا: يَبْطُلُ تَعْيِينُها، وتَعُودُ إلى مَالِكِها. احْتَمَلَ أن يَبْطُلَ التَّعْيِينُ فى وَلَدِها تَبَعًا، كنَمائِها المُتَّصِلِ بها، واحْتَمَلَ أن لا يَبْطُلَ، ويكونَ لِلْفُقَرَاءِ؛ لأنَّه تَبِعَها فى الوُجوبِ حالَ اتِّصَالِه بها، ولم يَتْبَعْها فى زَوَالِه؛ لأنَّه مُنْفَصِلٌ عنها، كوَلَدِ المَبِيعِ المَعِيبِ إذا وَلَدَ عندَ المُشْتَرِى، ثم رَدَّهُ لم يَبْطُلِ البَيْعُ فى وَلَدِه، والمُدَبَّرَةُ إذا قَتَلَتْ سَيِّدَهَا، فبَطَلَ تَدْبِيرُها، لا يَبْطُلُ فى وَلَدِها.
فصل: ولِلْمُهْدِى شُرْبُ لَبَنِ الهَدْىِ؛ لأنَّ بَقاءَهُ فى الضَّرْعِ يَضُرُّ به، فإذا كان ذا وَلَدٍ، لم يَشْرَبْ إلَّا ما فَضَلَ عن وَلَدِهِ، لما ذَكَرْنَا من خَبَرِ علىٍّ، رَضِىَ اللهُ عنه. فإن شَرِبَ ما يَضُرُّ بالأُمِّ، أو ما لا يَفْضُلُ عن الوَلَدِ، ضَمِنَهُ؛ لأنَّه تَعَدَّى بِأخْذِهِ. وإن كان صُوفُها يَضُرُّ بها بَقاؤُه، جَزَّهُ وتَصَدَّقَ به على الفُقَرَاءِ. والفَرْقُ بينَه وبينَ اللَّبَنِ، أنَّ الصُّوفَ كان مَوْجُودًا حالَ إيجابِها، فكان واجِبًا معها، واللَّبَنُ. مُتَجَدِّدٌ فيها شيئًا فشيئًا، فهو كنَفْعِها ورُكُوبِها.
فصل: وله رُكُوبُه عندَ الحَاجَةِ، على وَجْهٍ لا يَضُرُّ به. قال أحمدُ: لا يَرْكَبُه إلَّا عندَ الضَّرُورَةِ. وهو قَوْلُ الشَّافِعِىِّ، وابْنِ المُنْذِرِ، وأصْحابِ الرَّأْىِ، لأنَّ رسولَ اللهِ -صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ- قال: "ارْكَبْهَا بِالْمَعْرُوفِ إذا أُلْجِئْتَ إلَيْهَا، حَتَّى تَجِدَ ظَهْرًا".
(٢١) وأخرجه البيهقى فى: باب لبن البدنة لا يشرب إلا بعد رى فصيلها، من كتاب الحج. السنن الكبرى ٥/ ٢٣٧.