The Messenger of Allah (may Allah bless him and grant him peace) performed Mut'ah by combining 'Umrah with Hajj, and he drove the Hady (sacrificial animals) from Dhu al-Hulayfah. Agreed upon (7). It is also established that the Prophet (may Allah bless him and grant him peace) commanded that a piece be taken from every camel, which was then placed in a pot, and he and Ali ate from its meat and drank from its broth. Narrated by Muslim (8). This is because both are sacrifices of ritual (nusuk), so they resemble the voluntary sacrifice, and one may not eat from other than them because they are rendered obligatory by the commission of a prohibited act, thus resembling the penalty for hunting.
Section: As for the voluntary Hady, which is what one makes obligatory by specifying it initially without it being an obligation already upon one's own responsibility, and what one sacrifices voluntarily without having made it obligatory, it is recommended to eat from it, based on the saying of Allah Almighty: "Then eat from them" (9). The minimum level (10) of an imperative is recommendation. This is also because the Prophet (may Allah bless him and grant him peace) ate from his camels (8). Jabir said: We used not to eat from our camels beyond three days, but the Prophet (may Allah bless him and grant him peace) granted us a concession and said: "Eat and take provisions." So we ate and took provisions. Narrated by al-Bukhari (11). If one does not eat, there is no harm, for when the Prophet (may Allah bless him and grant him peace) slaughtered the five camels, he said: "Whoever wishes may cut off a piece" (12), and he did not eat any of them. The recommended action is to eat a small amount of it, as the Prophet (may Allah bless him and grant him peace) did, and it is permissible for him to eat a lot and take provisions, as is mentioned (13) in the hadith of Jabir. Charity given from a small portion of it suffices, as in the case of the Udhiyah (sacrifice). If one eats it [the whole thing], one must compensate for what was intended for charity from it, as in the case of the Udhiyah.
(7) Its verification was previously mentioned on page 241. (8) This is part of the long hadith of Jabir, and its verification was previously mentioned on page 156. (9) Surah al-Hajj 28. (10) In copies B and M: "al-ahwal" (the states). (11) In: Chapter on what is eaten from the camels and what is given in charity..., from the Book of Hajj. Sahih al-Bukhari 2/211. It was also recorded by Muslim, in: Chapter on the clarification of what was prohibited..., from the Book of Sacrifices. Sahih Muslim 3/1562. And Imam Ahmad, in: al-Musnad 3/317. (12) Its verification was previously mentioned on page 301. (13) Omitted from copy A.
تَمَتَّعَ رسولُ اللهِ -صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ- بالعُمْرَةِ إلى الحَجِّ، فسَاقَ الهَدْىَ مِن ذِى الحُلَيْفَةِ. مُتَّفَقٌ عليه (٧). وقد ثَبَتَ أنَّ النَّبِىَّ -صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ- أمَرَ من كُلِّ بَدَنَةٍ بِبِضْعَةٍ، فجُعِلَتْ فى قِدْرٍ، فأكَلَ هو وعلىٌّ مِن لَحْمِهَا، وشَرِبَا من مَرَقِهَا. رَوَاهُ مُسْلِمٌ (٨). ولأنَّهما دَمَا نُسُكٍ، فأشْبَهَا التَّطَوُّعَ، ولا يُؤْكَلُ مِن غيرِهما؛ لأنَّه يَجِبُ بِفِعْلِ مَحْظُورٍ، فأشْبَه جَزَاءَ الصَّيْدِ.
فصل: فأمَّا هَدْىُ التَّطَوُّعِ، وهو ما أوْجَبَه بِالتَّعْيِينِ ابْتِدَاءً، من غيرِ أن يكونَ عن وَاجِبٍ فى ذِمَّتِه، وما نَحَرَه تَطوُّعًا مِن غيرِ أن يُوجِبَهُ، فيُسْتَحَبُّ أن يَأْكُلَ منه؛ لِقَوْلِ اللهِ تعالى: {فَكُلُوا مِنْهَا} (٩). وأقَلُّ أحْوالِ (١٠) الأمْرِ الاسْتِحْبابُ. ولأنَّ النَّبِىَّ -صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ- أكَلَ من بُدْنِهِ (٨). وقال جابِرٌ: كُنَّا لا نَأْكُلُ من بُدْنِنَا فَوْقَ ثلاثٍ، فَرَخَّصَ لنا النَّبِىُّ -صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ-، فقال: "كُلُوا وتَزَوَّدُوا". فأكَلْنَا وَتَزَوَّدْنَا. رواهُ البُخارِىُّ (١١). وإن لم يَأْكُلْ فلا بَأْسَ؛ فإنَّ النَّبِىَّ -صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ- لمَّا نَحَرَ البَدَنَاتِ الخَمْسَ. قال: "مَنْ شَاءَ اقْتَطَعَ" (١٢). ولم يَأْكُلْ مِنْهُنَّ شيئا. والمُسْتَحَبُّ، أن يَأْكُلَ اليَسِيرَ منها، كما فَعَلَ النَّبِىُّ -صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ-، وله الأكْلُ كَثِيرًا والتَّزَوُّدُ، كما جاءَ (١٣) فى حَدِيثِ جابِرٍ. وتُجْزِئُه الصَّدَقَةُ بِاليَسِيرِ منها، كما فى الأُضْحِيَّةِ، فإن أكَلَها ضَمِنَ المَشْرُوعَ لِلصَّدَقَةِ منها، كما فى الأُضْحِيَّةِ.
(٧) تقدم تخريجه فى صفحة ٢٤١.(٨) هذا من حديث جابر الطويل، وقد تقدم تخريجه فى صفحة ١٥٦.(٩) سورة الحج ٢٨.(١٠) فى ب، م: "الأحوال".(١١) فى: باب ما يأكل من البدن وما يتصدق. . .، من كتاب الحج. صحيح البخارى ٢/ ٢١١.كما أخرجه مسلم، فى: باب بيان ما كان من النهى. . .، من كتاب الأضاحى. صحيح مسلم ٣/ ١٥٦٢. والإمام أحمد، فى: المسند ٣/ ٣١٧.(١٢) تقدم تخريجه فى صفحة ٣٠١(١٣) سقط من: أ.