what is customarily known in the Sharia. And what is customary regarding the offering required by the Sharia, such as the offering for Tamattu', Qiran, and similar acts, is that its slaughtering must take place within the Haram, and it is the same here. If he specifies in his vow a location other than the Haram, he is bound to slaughter it there and distribute its meat to [the poor of the Haram] (15), or leave it unrestricted (16), because it is narrated that a man came to the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) and said, "I have vowed to slaughter [an animal] at Buwana (17)." He said, "Is there an idol there?" He replied, "No." He said, "Fulfill your vow." Narrated by Abu Dawud (18). If he vows to slaughter in a place where there is an idol or something involving disbelief or sins, such as fire temples, churches, or places of worship and the like, his vow is not valid according to the implication of this Hadith, and because it is a vow of disobedience, so it must not be fulfilled, based on the saying of the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him): "There is no vow in disobedience to Allah the Almighty, nor in that which the son of Adam does not own" (19). And his saying: "Whoever vows to disobey Allah, let him not disobey Him" (20).
Section: Al-Khiraqi’s statement: "If he is able to deliver it to them," indicates that one who is incapable of delivering it is not obligated to do so, for Allah does not charge a soul except within its capacity. If the one making the vow is prevented
(14) In the original manuscript: "lazima" (he is bound). (15) In the original manuscript: "masakinihi" (its poor). (16) In [M]: "wa-itlaqihi" (or leaving it unrestricted). (17) Buwana: A plateau behind Yanbu' near the sea coast. Mu'jam al-Buldan 1/754. (18) In: The Chapter on what is commanded regarding fulfilling a vow, from the Book of Oaths. Sunan Abi Dawud 2/213. It was also recorded by Ibn Majah, in: The Chapter on fulfilling a vow, from the Book of Expiations. Sunan Ibn Majah 1/688. And Imam Ahmad, in: Al-Musnad 4/64, 6/366. (19) Recorded by Muslim, in: The Chapter on there is no fulfillment of a vow in disobedience to Allah..., from the Book of Vows. Sahih Muslim 3/1262. And Abu Dawud, in: The Chapter on what is commanded regarding fulfilling a vow, and the chapter on vows regarding what one does not own, from the Book of Oaths. Sunan Abi Dawud 2/213, 215. And An-Nasa'i, in: The Chapter on the expiation of a vow, from the Book of Oaths. Al-Mujtaba 7/27, 28. And Ad-Darimi, in: The Chapter on there is no vow in disobedience to Allah, from the Book of Vows. Sunan Ad-Darimi 2/184. And Imam Ahmad, in: Al-Musnad 4/430. (20) Recorded by Imam Ahmad, in: Al-Musnad 6/36, 208.
المَعْهُودِ شَرْعًا، والمَعْهُودُ فى الهَدْىِ الوَاجِبِ بِالشَّرْعِ، كَهَدْىِ المُتْعَةِ والقِرَانِ وأشْبَاهِهما، أنَّ ذَبْحَها يكونُ فى الحَرَمِ، كذا هاهُنا. وإن عَيَّنَ نَذْرَهُ بِمَوْضِعٍ غيرِ الحَرَمِ، لَزِمَه (١٤) ذَبْحُه به، وتَفْرِقَةُ لَحْمِه على [مَسَاكِينِ الحَرَمِ] (١٥)، أو إطْلَاقُه (١٦)؛ لما رُوِىَ أنَّ رَجُلا أتَى النَّبِىَّ -صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ-، فقال: إنِّى نَذَرْتُ أن أَنْحَرَ بِبُوَانَةَ (١٧). قال: "أبِهَا صَنَمٌ؟ ". قال: لا. قال: "أوْفِ بِنَذْرِكَ". رَوَاهُ أبو دَاوُدَ (١٨). وإن نَذَرَ الذّبْحَ بمَوْضِعٍ به صَنَمٌ، أو شىءٌ من أمْرِ الكُفْرِ أو المَعاصِى، كبُيُوتِ النَّارِ، أو الكَنائِسِ والْبِيَعِ، وأشْباهِ ذلك، لم يَصِحَّ نَذْرُه، بمَفْهُومِ هذا الحَدِيثِ، ولأنَّه نَذْرُ مَعْصِيَةٍ، فلا يُوفَى به؛ لِقَوْلِ النَّبِىِّ -صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ-: "لا نَذْرَ فِى مَعْصِيَةِ اللهِ تَعَالَى، وَلَا فِيمَا لَا يَمْلِكُ ابْنُ آدَمَ" (١٩). وقَوْلِه: "مَنْ نَذَرَ أنْ يَعْصِىَ اللهَ فَلَا يَعْصِهِ" (٢٠).
فصل: وقَوْلُ الخِرَقِىِّ: "إنْ قَدَرَ عَلَى إيصَالِهِ إلَيْهِمْ". يَدُلُّ على أنَّ العَاجِزَ عن إيصالِه لا يَلْزَمُه إيصَالُه، فإنَّ اللهَ لا يُكَلِّفُ نَفْسًا إِلَّا وُسْعَهَا. فإن مُنِعَ النَّاذِرُ
(١٤) فى الأصل: "لزم".(١٥) فى الأصل: "مساكينه".(١٦) فى م: "وإطلاقه".(١٧) بوانة: هضبة وراء ينبع قريبة من ساحل البحر. معجم البلدان ١/ ٧٥٤.(١٨) فى: باب ما يؤمر من الوفاء عن النذر، من كتاب الأيمان. سنن أبى داود ٢/ ٢١٣.كما أخرجه ابن ماجه، فى: باب الوفاء بالنذر، من كتاب الكفارات. سنن ابن ماجه ١/ ٦٨٨. والإمام أحمد، فى: المسند ٤/ ٦٤، ٦/ ٣٦٦.(١٩) أخرجه مسلم، فى: باب لا وفاء لنذر فى معصية اللَّه. . .، من كتاب النذر. صحيح مسلم ٣/ ١٢٦٢. وأبو داود، فى: باب ما يؤمر به من الوفاء عن النذر، وباب فى النذر فيما لا يملك، من كتاب الأيمان. سنن أبى داود ٢/ ٢١٣، ٢١٥. والنسائى، فى: باب كفارة النذر، من كتاب الأيمان. المجتبى ٧/ ٢٧، ٢٨. والدارمى، فى: باب لا نذر فى معصية اللَّه، من كتاب النذور. سنن الدارمى ٢/ ١٨٤. والإمام أحمد، فى: المسند ٤/ ٤٣٠.(٢٠) أخرجه الإمام أحمد، فى: المسند ٦/ ٣٦، ٢٠٨.
