For he requires going out to Arafat, so both the Hill and the Haram are combined for him, whereas 'Umrah is otherwise. It is permissible to assume ihram from any part of the Hill. The Prophet (may Allah bless him and grant him peace) only had Aisha perform 'Umrah from al-Tan'im because it is the closest part of the Hill to Mecca. It has been narrated from Ahmad that for the Meccan, the farther one goes [from Mecca] for 'Umrah, the greater the reward, as it is proportional to the hardship involved. As for when the Meccan intends to assume ihram for Hajj, it is from Mecca, due to the report we mentioned, and because the Companions of the Prophet (may Allah bless him and grant him peace), when they annulled their Hajj, were commanded to assume ihram from Mecca. Jabir said: "The Prophet (may Allah bless him and grant him peace) commanded us, when we exited ihram, to assume ihram [for Hajj] when we headed out from al-Abtah." Narrated by Muslim(8). This indicates that there is no difference between the permanent residents of Mecca and others who happen to be there, such as the mutamatti' [one performing Hajj Tamattu'] when he exits ihram, and one who annuls his Hajj while there. It was reported from Ahmad regarding a resident of Mecca who performs 'Umrah during the months of Hajj [then performs Tamattu'], that he must assume ihram for Hajj from the miqat, and if he does not, a damma [sacrifice] is due upon him. The correct view is the opposite of this, due to what the authentic hadiths indicate. It is possible that Ahmad only meant that the damma is waived for the mutamatti' if he goes out to the miqat, but not if he assumes ihram from Mecca. This applies to someone other than a Meccan; as for a Meccan, a damma for Tamattu' is not due upon him under any circumstances, according to the words of Allah the Exalted: "That is for those whose family is not present at the Sacred Mosque."(10). Al-Qadi mentioned regarding one who enters Mecca to perform Hajj on behalf of another, then intends to perform 'Umrah afterwards for himself, or enters to perform Hajj for himself then intends to perform 'Umrah for another, or enters with an 'Umrah for himself then intends to perform Hajj or 'Umrah for another, or enters with an 'Umrah for another then intends to perform Hajj or 'Umrah for himself, that in all these cases he must go out to the miqat and assume ihram from there; if he does not, a damma is due upon him. He said: And Ahmad has said in the narration of...