and the most truthful, and the most righteous, and were it not for my sacrificial animal, I would have left the state of ihram as you have. And if I had known in the beginning of my affair what I have come to know in the end, I would not have brought the sacrificial animal." So we left the state of ihram, and we heard, and we obeyed. This is agreed upon (10). Thus, he transferred them to tamattu', and he expressed regret that he could not do so himself, which indicates its superiority. Furthermore, tamattu' is explicitly mentioned in the Book of Allah the Almighty by His saying: {Whoever performs 'Umrah during the Hajj season, let him enjoy the benefits of tamattu'} (11), to the exclusion of other rites. Also, the one performing tamattu' gathers both the Hajj and the 'Umrah within the months of Hajj while completing both, and completes their rituals with ease and simplicity, in addition to the extra rite; therefore, it is worthier. As for qiran, one only performs the actions of the Hajj, and the actions of the 'Umrah are included within them. As for the mufrid (one performing ifrad), he only performs the Hajj alone; and if he performs 'Umrah afterwards from al-Tan'im, there is disagreement regarding its validity in place of the obligatory 'Umrah (al-Islam), and likewise there is disagreement regarding the validity of the 'Umrah of qiran. However, there is no disagreement regarding the validity of tamattu' in place of both the Hajj and the 'Umrah; thus, it is worthier. As for their argument, they only argue using the action of the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him), and the response to it (12) is from several perspectives: First, we deny that the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) was in a state of ihram for anything other than tamattu', and their reliance upon these hadiths is invalid for several reasons; one of them is that
(10) The first hadith was recorded by al-Bukhari, in: The Chapter on the menstruating woman performing all the rituals..., from the Book of Hajj; and in: The Chapter on the 'Umrah of al-Tan'im, from the Book of 'Umrah; and in: The Chapter on sharing in the sacrificial animal..., from the Book of Partnership; and in: The Chapter on the saying of the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him): "If I had known in the beginning of my affair what I have come to know in the end," from the Book of Wishing; and in: The Chapter on the Prophet's prohibition of ihram except for what is known to be permissible, from the Book of Adherence to the Quran and Sunnah. Sahih al-Bukhari 2/195, 196, 3/4, 5, 185, 9/103, 137, 138. And by Muslim, in: The Chapter on the clarification of the ways of ihram..., from the Book of Hajj. Sahih Muslim 2/879. It was also recorded by Abu Dawud, in: The Chapter on ifrad for Hajj, from the Book of Manasik. Sunan Abi Dawud 1/415. And by Ibn Majah, in: The Chapter on the Hajj of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him), from the Book of Manasik. Sunan Ibn Majah 2/1023, 1024. And by al-Darimi, in: The Chapter on the Sunnah of the pilgrim, from the Book of Manasik. Sunan al-Darimi 2/46. And by Imam Ahmad, in: Al-Musnad 1/253, 259, 3/148, 266, 305, 317, 320, 364, 366. The second hadith was recorded by al-Bukhari, in: The Chapter on Tamattu', Qiran, and Ifrad..., from the Book of Hajj. Sahih al-Bukhari 2/176. And by Muslim, in: The Chapter on the clarification of the ways of ihram..., from the Book of Hajj. Sahih Muslim 2/884, 885. (11) Surah al-Baqarah 196. (12) In (A): "'anhu".
