as we have mentioned here, or close to it, and there is a difference between them according to what we have mentioned of the disagreement, or close to it.
Section: As for the branches, leaves, and the rest of the tree's parts, they belong to the buyer in all circumstances, because they are part of its components created for its benefit, so they are like the parts of any other sold item. It is possible that mulberry leaves, which are intended to be taken for sericulture (raising silkworms), if they have opened, belong to the seller; otherwise, they belong to the buyer, because they are in the position of the bud that opens, revealing its blossom from roses and other things. This applies in places where their custom is to take the leaves; if it is not their custom, they belong to the buyer, like the rest of the tree's leaves. And God knows best.
Section: If the fruit belongs to the seller and is left on the buyer's tree, and it requires watering, the buyer may not prevent him from doing so, because it remains through it, so it is obligatory upon him to enable him to do so, just as he leaves it on the roots. If he wishes to water it without need, the buyer may prevent him from doing so, because by watering it, he involves disposing of someone else's property, and the principle is to prevent him from disposing of someone else's property; and it was only permitted by need, so if the need is not present, it remains on the principle of prohibition. If it requires watering, and it causes harm to the tree, or the tree requires watering that harms the fruit, the Qadi said: Whichever of them requests watering for his need, the other is compelled to it, because he entered into the contract upon that. For the buyer's contract necessitated the retention of the fruit, and watering is part of its retention, and the contract necessitated enabling the buyer to preserve the roots and take delivery of them. Thus, each of them is bound by what the contract imposed for the other, even if it causes him harm. He may only water according to his need, and if they disagree on the extent of the need, it is referred to experts. Whichever of them requests the watering bears the expense, because it is for his need.
Section: If there is fear of harm to the roots by leaving the fruit on them due to thirst or otherwise, and the harm is minor, he is not compelled to cut it; because it is entitled to remain, so he is not compelled to remove it to repel minor harm from someone else. If it is significant, such that there is fear of the roots drying out or a decrease in their yield, there are two views: One of them is that he is also not compelled for that reason. The second is that he is compelled to
ذَكَرْنا هاهُنا، أو قَريبًا منه، وبينهما اخْتِلافٌ على حَسَبِ ما ذَكَرْنا من الخِلافِ، أو قَريبًا منه.
فصل: فأمَّا الأَغْصانُ، والوَرَقُ، وسائِرُ أجْزاءِ الشَّجَرِ، فهو لِلْمُشْتَرِى بكلِّ حالٍ؛ لأنَّه من أجْزائِها خُلِقَ لِمَصْلَحَتِها، فهو كأَجْزاءِ سائِرِ المَبيعِ. ويَحْتَمِلُ أن يكونَ وَرَقُ التُّوتِ الذى يُقْصَدُ أخْذُه لِتَرْبِيَةِ دُودِ القَزِّ إن تَفَتَّحَ، فهو لِلْبَائِعِ، وإلَّا فهو لِلْمُشْتَرِى؛ لأنَّه بِمَنْزِلَةِ الجُنْبُذِ الذى يَتَفَتَّحُ، فيَظْهَرُ نَوْرُه من الوَرْدِ وغيرِه، وهذا في المَواضِعِ التى عَادَتُهم أخْذُ الوَرَقِ، وإن لم تَكُنْ عَادَتُهم ذلك، فهو لِلْمُشْتَرِى، كسَائِرِ وَرَقِ الشَّجَرِ. واللَّه أعلمُ.
فصل: وإذا كانَتِ الثَّمَرَةُ للبائِعِ مُبَقَّاةً في شَجَرِ المُشْتَرِى، فاحْتَاجَتْ إلى سَقْىٍ، لم يَكُنْ لِلْمُشْتَرِى مَنْعُه منه؛ لأنَّه يَبْقَى به، فَلَزِمَه تَمْكينُهُ منه، كَتَرْكِهِ على الأُصولِ. وإن أرَادَ سَقْيَها من غيرِ حَاجَةٍ، فَلِلمُشْتَرِى مَنْعُه منه؛ لأنَّه بِسَقْيِهِ يَتَضَمَّنُ التَّصَرُّفَ في مِلْكِ غيرِه، ولأنَّ الأَصْلَ مَنْعُه من التَّصَرُّفِ في مِلْكِ غيرِه، وإنَّما أباحَتْهُ الحاجَةُ، فإن لم تُوجَدِ الحاجَةُ يَبْقَى على أصْلِ المَنْعِ. فإنِ احتاجَتْ إلى السَّقْىِ، وفيه ضَرَرٌ على الشَّجَرِ، أو احتاجَ الشَّجَرُ إلى سَقْىٍ يَضُرُّ بالثَّمَرَةِ، فقال القاضى: أيُّهما طَلَبَ السَّقْىَ لِحاجَتِهِ أُجْبِرَ الآخَرُ عليه؛ لأنَّه دَخَلَ في العَقْدِ على ذلك، فإنَّ المُشْتَرِىَ اقْتَضَى عَقْدُه تَبْقِيَةَ الثَّمَرَةِ، والسَّقْيُ من تَبْقِيَتِها، والعَقْدُ اقْتَضَى تَمْكينَ المُشْتَرِى من حِفْظِ الأُصولِ، وتَسْليمِها، فَلَزِمَ كلَّ واحِدٍ منهما ما أَوْجَبَه العَقْدُ للآخَرِ، وإن أضَرَّ به. وإنَّما له أن يَسْقِىَ بِقَدْرِ حاجَتِه، فإن اخْتَلَفا في قَدْرِ الحاجَةِ، رُجِعَ إلى أهْلِ الخِبْرَةِ. وأيُّهما الْتَمَسَ السَّقْىَ فالمَؤُنَةُ عليه؛ لأنَّه لِحاجَتِه.
فصل: فإن خِيفَ على الأُصولِ الضَّرَرُ بِتَبْقِيَةِ الثَّمَرَةِ عليها لِعَطَشٍ أو غيرِه، والضَّرَرُ يَسيرٌ، لم يُجْبَرْ على قَطْعِها؛ لأنَّها مُسْتَحِقَّةٌ لِلْبَقاءِ، فلم يُجْبَرْ على إزالَتِها لِدَفْعِ ضَرَرٍ يَسِيرٍ عن غيرِه. وإن كانَ كَثِيرًا، فَخيفَ على الأُصولِ الجَفافُ، أو نَقْصُ حَمْلِها، ففيه وجهانِ؛ أحَدُهما، لا يُجْبَرُ أيضًا لذلك. الثانى، يُجْبَرُ على