The rulings of both differ, for the right of pre-emption (shuf'a) is established in a share of property (shiqs) but not in a sword, and yet it is permissible to combine them. Al-Khiraqi's statement that the contract is void here may be specific to this issue and its likes, where the condition leads to dispute; for the seller might want to cut it from the top so that a remainder is left for him, while the buyer wants to extract it completely to increase what he takes, thus leading to dispute, which is a corruption (mafsada), so the sale becomes void because of it. It is also possible that what resembles it should be compared to it, regarding the stipulation of a benefit for the seller in the sold item, for the reasons we mentioned at the beginning of the issue. The former is more appropriate for two reasons: First, he said elsewhere: "The sale is not void due to a single condition." Second, the madhhab holds that it is correct to stipulate a benefit for the seller in the sold item, such as buying a garment and stipulating upon its seller that he sew it into a shirt, or a piece of hump fat (fil'a), or stipulating that he make it into a sandal, or a bundle of firewood (jurza), and stipulating its transport to a known location. Ahmad explicitly stated this in a narration by Muhanna and others. So much so that al-Qadi said: "I did not find a narration in support of what al-Khiraqi said regarding its invalidity." Ahmad argued that Muhammad ibn Maslama bought a bundle of firewood from a Nabataean and stipulated that he carry it. Ishaq and Abu 'Ubayd also held this view. Abu Hanifa said: It is permissible to buy a piece of hump fat and stipulate upon the seller that he attach a strap (tashrik) to it. It was narrated from Ibn Abi Thawr and al-Thawri that they invalidated the contract with this condition because it is a corrupt condition, so it resembles other corrupt conditions. It was narrated from the Prophet (may Allah bless him and grant him peace) that he forbade a sale and a condition. As for us, we have what preceded, and it is not established that the Prophet (may Allah bless him and grant him peace) forbade a sale and a condition. Rather, it is correct that the Prophet (may Allah bless him and grant him peace) forbade two conditions in one sale, as narrated by al-Tirmidhi. This implies by its concept the permissibility of a single condition. Ahmad said: The prohibition is only against two conditions in one sale, but as for a single condition, there is no harm in it.
(3) In the original: "wa-yashrat" (and he stipulates). (4) Fil'a: A piece of the hump fat. Lisan al-'Arab (f-l-'). (5) Jurza: A bundle of fodder or similar items. Lisan al-'Arab (j-r-z). (6) Muhammad ibn Maslama ibn Salama al-Ansari, Abu 'Abd Allah. He was one of the most excellent Companions, and he was one of the three who killed Ka'b ibn al-Ashraf. The Prophet (may Allah bless him and grant him peace) appointed him as his successor in Medina during some of his expeditions. He died in the year 42 AH. Usd al-Ghaba 5/112, al-Isaba 6/33. (7) Ashraka al-na'l wa sharraka-ha: He provided it with a strap (shirak). Tashrik is the same. Al-Shirak: the strap of the sandal. Lisan al-'Arab (sh-r-k). (8) See: Ma'alim al-Sunan 3/146, in: Chapter on a condition and a sale, from the Book of Sales. And al-Talkhis al-Habir 3/12,
وحُكْمُهُما مُخْتَلِفٌ؛ فإنّ الشُّفْعَةَ تَثْبُتُ في الشِّقْصِ دُونَ السَّيْفِ، ويجوزُ الجَمْعُ بينهما. وقولُ الخِرَقِيِّ: إنَّ العَقْدَ هاهُنا يَبْطُلُ. يَحْتَمِلُ أنْ يَخْتَصَّ بهذه المَسْأَلَةِ وشِبْهِها، ممَّا يُفْضِى الشَّرْطُ فيه إلى التَّنازُعِ، فإنَّ البائِعَ رُبَّما أرادَ قَطْعَها مِن أعلاها، لِيَبْقَى له منها بَقِيَّةٌ، والمُشْتَرِى يُرِيدُ الاسْتِقْصاءَ عليها، لِيَزِيدَ له ما يأخُذُه، فَيُفْضِى إلى التَّنازُعِ، وهو مَفْسَدَةٌ، فيَبْطُلُ البَيْعُ مِن أجْلِه. ويَحْتَمِلُ أنْ يُقاسَ عليه ما أشْبَهَه، مِن اشْتِرَاطِ مَنْفَعَةِ البائِعِ في المَبِيعِ؛ لما ذَكَرْنا في صَدْرِ المَسْأَلَةِ. والأوَّلُ أَوْلَى لِوَجْهَيْنِ؛ أحَدُهما، أنّه قال في مَوْضِعٍ آخَرَ: ولا يَبْطُلُ البَيْعُ بِشَرْطٍ واحدٍ. والثَّاني، أنّ المذهبَ، أنَّه يَصِحُّ اشْتِراطُ مَنْفَعَةِ البائِعِ في المَبِيعِ، مِثْلُ أنْ يَشْتَرِىَ ثَوْبًا، ويَشْتَرِطَ (٣) على بائِعِه خِياطَتَه قَمِيصًا، أو فِلْعَةً (٤)، ويَشْتَرِطَ حَذْوَها نَعْلًا، أو جُرْزَةَ (٥) حَطَبٍ، ويَشْتَرِطَ حَمْلَها إلى مَوْضِعٍ مَعْلُومٍ. نَصَّ عليه أحمدُ، في رِوايَةِ مُهَنَّا، وغيرِه. حتى قال القاضِى: لم أجِدْ بما قال الخِرَقِىُّ رِوايَةً في أنَّه لا يَصِحُّ. واحْتَجَّ أحمدُ بأنّ محمّدَ بن مَسْلَمَةَ (٦) اشْتَرَى مِن نَبَطِىٍّ جُرْزَةَ حَطَبٍ، وشارَطَه على حَمْلِها. وبه قال إسحاقُ، وأبو عُبَيْدٍ. وقال أبو حنيفةَ: يجوزُ أنْ يَشْتَرِىَ فِلْعَةً، ويَشْتَرِطَ على البائِعِ تَشْرِيكَها (٧). وحُكِىَ عن ابنِ أبى ثَوْرٍ، والثَّوْرِيِّ أنّهما أبْطَلا العَقْدَ بهذا الشَّرْطِ؛ لأنّه شَرْطٌ فاسِدٌ، فأشْبَهَ سائِرَ الشُّرُوطِ الفاسِدَةِ، ورُوِىَ عن النَّبيِّ -صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ- أنّه نَهَى عن بَيْعٍ، وشَرْطٍ (٨). ولَنا، ما تَقَدَّمَ، ولم يَصِحَّ أنَّ النَّبيَّ -صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ-
(٣) في الأصل: "ويشرط".(٤) الفِلْعَة: القطعة مِن السَّنام. لسان العرب (ف ل ع).(٥) الجُرْزة: الحُزْمة من القَتِّ ونحوِه. لسان العرب (ج ر ز).(٦) محمد بن مَسْلَمَة بن سلمة الأنصارى، أبو عبد اللَّه. كان من أفضل الصحابة، وهو أحد الثلاثة الذين قتلوا كعب بن الأشرف، واستخلفه النبى -صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ- في بعض غزواته على المدينة، توفى سنة اثنتين وأربعين. أسد الغابة ٥/ ١١٢، الإصابة ٦/ ٣٣.(٧) أشْرَك النعلَ وشَرَّكَها: جعل لها شِراكًا. والتَّشْرِيك مثلُه. والشِّراك: سَيْر النعل. لسان العرب (ش ر ك).(٨) انظر: معالم السنن ٣/ ١٤٦، في: باب شرط وبيع، من كتاب البيوع. والتلخيص الحبير ٣/ ١٢، =