the sale of everything before taking possession of it. Ibn Abd al-Barr said: This is a rejected opinion, contradicted by the Sunnah and the established proof regarding food. I suspect this Hadith did not reach him, and such a view is not to be heeded. As for items other than that, it is permissible to sell them before taking possession, according to the more evident of the two narrations. A similar view is reported from Uthman ibn Affan (may Allah be pleased with him), Sa'id ibn al-Musayyab, al-Hakam, Hammad, al-Awza'i, and Ishaq. From Ahmad, there is another narration that it is not permissible to sell anything before taking possession of it (6), which was favored by Ibn Aqil. This was also narrated from Ibn Abbas. This is the opinion of Abu Hanifa and al-Shafi'i, except that Abu Hanifa permitted (7) the sale of real estate before taking possession of it. They argued [based on the Prophet's prohibition (may Allah bless him and grant him peace) against selling food before taking possession of it] (8), and by what Abu Dawud narrated (9) that the Prophet (may Allah bless him and grant him peace) forbade selling goods where they are bought until the merchants transport them to their own quarters. Ibn Majah narrated (10) that the Prophet (may Allah bless him and grant him peace) forbade the purchase of charity items until they are taken into possession. It is also narrated that when the Prophet (may Allah bless him and grant him peace) sent Attab ibn Asid to Makkah, he said: "Forbid them from selling what they have not taken possession of (11), and from profiting from what they have not assumed the risk for (12)." Furthermore, because ownership is not complete over it, its sale is not permissible, similar to non-specific items, or like measured and weighed goods.