al-Musayyib, that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said: "Whoever hoards is a sinner." It was also narrated that Umar ibn al-Khattab, may Allah be pleased with him, went out with his companions and saw a large amount of food that had been left at the gate of Mecca. He asked, "What is this food?" They replied, "It has been brought to us." He said, "May Allah bless it and the one who brought it." It was said to him, "It has been hoarded." He asked, "And who hoarded it?" They said, "So-and-so, the mawla (freed slave) of Uthman, and so-and-so, your mawla." He sent for them and said, "What compelled you to hoard the food of the Muslims?" They replied, "We purchase with our wealth and sell." He said, "I heard the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) say: 'Whoever hoards food against the Muslims, Allah will strike him with leprosy or bankruptcy before he dies.'" The narrator said: As for the mawla of Uthman, he sold it and said, "By Allah, I will never hoard it again." As for the mawla of Umar, he did not sell it, and I saw him afflicted with leprosy. It was narrated from the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) that he said: "The importer is provided for, and the hoarder is cursed."
Section: Forbidden hoarding is that in which three conditions are combined. One of them is that he must purchase it; if he imports something or brings something from his own crops and stores it, he is not a hoarder. This was narrated from al-Hasan and Malik. Al-Awza'i said: The importer is not a hoarder, because of his saying:
= in: Chapter on None Hoards Except a Sinner, from the Book of Sales. Mustadrak al-Hakim 2/11. And Ibn Abi Shaybah, in: Chapter on the Hoarding of Food, from the Book of Sales. Al-Musannaf 6/102. (10) Recorded by Muslim, in: Chapter on the Prohibition of Hoarding Foodstuffs, from the Book of Irrigation. Sahih Muslim 3/1227, 1228. And Abu Dawood, in: Chapter on the Prohibition of Hoarding, from the Book of Sales. Sunan Abi Dawood 2/243. And al-Tirmidhi, in: Chapter on What Was Said Regarding Hoarding, from the Chapters on Sales. Aridat al-Ahwadhi 5/270. And Ibn Majah, in: Book of Hoarding and Importing, from the Book of Commerce. Sunan Ibn Majah 2/728. And al-Darimi, in: Chapter on the Prohibition of Hoarding, from the Book of Sales. Sunan al-Darimi 2/248, 249. And Imam Ahmad, in: Al-Musnad 3/453, 454, 6/400. (11) Recorded by Ibn Majah, in: Chapter on Hoarding and Importing, from the Book of Commerce. Sunan Ibn Majah 2/729. And Imam Ahmad, in: Al-Musnad 1/21. (12) Recorded by Ibn Majah, in: Chapter on Hoarding and Importing, from the Book of Commerce. Sunan Ibn Majah 2/728. And al-Darimi, in: Chapter on the Prohibition of Hoarding, from the Book of Sales. Sunan al-Darimi 2/249. And al-Bayhaqi, in: Chapter on What Was Said Regarding Hoarding, from the Book of Sales. Al-Sunan al-Kubra 6/30. (13) A supplementation necessitated by the meaning.
المُسَيَّبِ، أنّ رسولَ اللهِ -صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ- قال: "مَنِ احْتَكَرَ فَهُوَ خَاطِئٌ" (١٠). ورُوِىَ أنّ عمرَ بن الخَطَّابِ، رَضِىَ اللَّه عنه، خَرَجَ مع أصحابِه، فرَأى طَعَامًا كَثِيرًا قد أُلْقِىَ على بابِ مَكَّةَ، فقال: ما هذا الطَّعامُ؟ فقالوا: جُلِبَ إلينا. فقال: بارَكَ اللَّه فيه، وفى مَن جَلَبَه. فقِيلَ له: فإنَّه قد احْتُكِرَ. قال: ومَن احْتَكَرَه؟ قالوا: فُلانٌ مَوْلَى عثمانَ، وفلانٌ مَوْلاكَ. فأرْسَلَ إليهما، فقال: ما حَمَلَكُما على احْتِكارِ طَعامِ المسلمين؟ قالا: نَشْتَرِى بأموالِنا ونَبِيعُ. قال: سَمِعْتُ رسولَ اللهِ -صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ- يقول: "مَنِ احْتَكَرَ عَلى الْمُسْلِميِنَ طَعَامَهُمْ، لَمْ يَمُتْ حَتَّى يَضْرِبَهُ اللهُ بِالْجُذَامِ أوِ الْإِفْلَاسِ" (١١). قال الرّاوِى: فأمَّا مَوْلَى عثمانَ فباعَه، وقال: واللهِ لا أحْتَكِرُه أبَدًا. وأمّا مَوْلَى عمرَ فلم يَبِعْه، فرَأيْتُه مَجْذُومًا. ورُوِىَ عن النَّبىِّ -صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ- أنَّه قال: "الْجَالِبُ مَرْزُوقٌ والمُحْتَكِرُ مَلْعُونٌ" (١٢).
فصل: والاحْتِكارُ المُحَرَّمُ ما اجْتَمَعَ فيه ثلاثةُ شُرُوطٍ؛ أحَدُها، أنْ يَشْتَرِىَ، فلو جَلَبَ شَيْئًا، أو أدْخَلَ مِن غَلَّتِه شَيْئًا، فادَّخَرَه، لم يَكُنْ مُحْتَكِرًا. رُوِىَ [عن] (١٣) الحَسَنِ ومالِكٍ. وقال الأوْزاعِىُّ: الجالِبُ ليس بِمُحْتَكِرٍ؛ لقولِه:
= فى: باب لا يحتكر إلَّا خاطىء، من كتاب البيوع. مستدرك الحاكم ٢/ ١١. وابن أبي شيبة، فى: باب فى احتكار الطعام، من كتاب البيوع. المصنِّف ٦/ ١٠٢.(١٠) أخرجه مسلم، فى: باب تحريم الاحتكار فى الأقوات، من كتاب المساقاة. صحيح مسلم ٣/ ١٢٢٧، ١٢٢٨. وأبو داود، فى: باب فى النهى عن الحكرة، من كتاب البيوع. سنن أبي داود ٢/ ٢٤٣. والترمذى، فى: باب ما جاء فى الاحتكار، من أبواب البيوع. عارضة الأحوذى ٥/ ٢٧٠. وابن ماجه، فى: كتاب الحكرة والجلب، من كتاب التجارات. سنن ابن ماجه ٢/ ٧٢٨. والدارمى، فى: باب فى النهى عن الاحتكار، من كتاب البيوع. سنن الدارمى ٢/ ٢٤٨، ٢٤٩. والإمام أحمد، فى: المسند ٣/ ٤٥٣، ٤٥٤، ٦/ ٤٠٠.(١١) أخرجه ابن ماجه، فى: باب الحكرة والجلب، من كتاب التجارات. سنن ابن ماجه ٢/ ٧٢٩. والإمام أحمد، فى: المسند ١/ ٢١.(١٢) أخرجه ابن ماجه، فى: باب الحكرة والجلب، من كتاب التجارات. سنن ابن ماجه ٢/ ٧٢٨. والدارمى. فى: باب فى النهى عن الاحتكار، من كتاب البيوع. سنن الدارمى ٢/ ٢٤٩. والبيهقى، فى: باب ما جاء فى الاحتكار، من كتاب البيوع. السنن الكبرى ٦/ ٣٠.(١٣) تكملة يقتضيها المعنى.
