is used to coat ships, tan hides, and used by people for lighting [14]? He replied: "No, it is unlawful." Then the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, said: "May Allah fight the Jews! For Allah the Exalted prohibited them from using its fat, yet they melted it [15], then sold it and consumed its price." Agreed upon [16]. Whoever is appointed as an agent to sell wine and consumes its price, has resembled them in that. Furthermore, because wine is impure and prohibited, its sale and the appointment of an agent to sell it are prohibited, just like dead meat and swine. And because it is forbidden for him to sell it, it is forbidden for him to appoint an agent [to sell it] [18], just like swine.
766 - Issue; He said: (The sale is void if it contains two conditions, but it is not voided by a single condition.)
It is established from Ahmad, may Allah have mercy on him, that he said: There is no harm in a single condition; the prohibition is only against two conditions in a sale. Ahmad followed what Abdullah ibn Amr narrated from the Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, that he said: "A loan and a sale are not permissible, nor are two conditions in a sale, nor selling what you do not possess." Recorded by Abu Dawood and al-Tirmidhi [1], who said: A Hasan Sahih hadith. Al-Athram said:
(14) Meaning: They use it to light their lamps. (15) "Jamalahu" (melted it): He melted it and extracted its fat. Lisan al-Arab (entry: j-m-l). (16) Recorded by al-Bukhari, in: Chapter on the sale of dead meat and idols, from the Book of Sales. Sahih al-Bukhari 3/110. And Muslim, in: Chapter on the prohibition of selling wine, dead meat..., from the Book of Sharecropping. Sahih Muslim 3/1207. It was also recorded by Abu Dawood, in: Chapter on the price of wine and dead meat, from the Book of Sales. Sunan Abi Dawood 2/250, 251. And al-Tirmidhi, in: Chapter on what has been mentioned regarding the sale of hides of dead meat and idols, from the Chapters of Sales. Aridat al-Ahwadhi 5/299, 300. And al-Nasa'i, in: Chapter on selling swine, from the Book of Sales. Al-Mujtaba 7/272, 273. And Ibn Majah, in: Chapter on what is not permissible to sell, from the Book of Trades. Sunan Ibn Majah 2/732. (17) In MS (M): "yuhramu" (is prohibited). (18) Omitted from: M. (1) Recorded by Abu Dawood, in: Chapter on a man selling what he does not possess, from the Book of Sales. Sunan Abi Dawood 2/254. And al-Tirmidhi, in: Chapter on what has been mentioned regarding the dislike of selling what you do not possess, from the Chapters of Sales. Aridat al-Ahwadhi 5/243. It was also recorded by al-Nasa'i, in: Chapter on selling what the seller does not possess, and Chapter on loan and sale..., and Chapter on two conditions in a sale... from the Book of Sales. Al-Mujtaba 7/254, 259. And al-Darimi, in: Chapter on the prohibition of two conditions in a sale, from the Book of Sales. Sunan al-Darimi 2/253. And Imam Ahmad, in: Al-Musnad 2/179.
تُطْلَى بها السُّفُنُ، وتُدْهَنُ بها الجُلُودُ، ويَسْتَصْبِحُ (١٤) بها النَّاسُ؟ فقال: "لَا، هُوَ حَرَامٌ". ثمَّ قال رسولُ اللهِ -صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ-: "قَاتَلَ اللهُ الْيَهُودَ، إنَّ اللهَ تَعَالَى حَرَّمَ عَلَيْهِمْ شُحُومَهَا، فَجَمَلُوهُ (١٥)، ثُمَّ بَاعُوهُ، وَأَكَلُوا ثَمَنَهُ". مُتَّفَقٌ عليه (١٦). ومَن وُكِّلَ فى بَيْعِ الخَمْرِ، وأكَلَ ثَمَنَه، فقد أشْبَهَهُم فى ذلك. ولأنَّ الخَمْرَ نَجِسَةٌ مُحَرَّمَةٌ، فحُرِّمَ (١٧) بَيْعُها، والتَّوْكِيلُ فى بَيْعِها، كالمَيْتَةِ والخِنْزِيرِ، ولأنَّه يَحْرُمُ عليه بَيْعُه، فَحَرُمَ عليه التَّوْكيِلُ [فى بَيْعِه] (١٨)، كالخِنْزِيرِ.
٧٦٦ - مسألة؛ قال: (وَيَبْطُلُ الْبَيْعُ إذَا كَانَ فِيهِ شَرْطَانِ، وَلَا يُبْطِلُهُ شَرْطٌ وَاحِدٌ)
ثَبَتَ عن أحمدَ، رَحِمَه اللهُ، أنَّه قال: الشَّرْطُ الواحِدُ لا بَأْسَ به، إنَّما نُهِىَ عن الشَّرْطَيْنِ فى البَيْعِ. ذَهَبَ أحمدُ إلى ما رَوَى عبدُ اللهِ بن عَمْرٍو، عن النَّبِيِّ -صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ-، أنَّه قال: "لَا يَحِلُّ سَلَفٌ وبَيْعٌ، وَلَا شَرْطَانِ فى بَيْعٍ، ولا تَبِعْ ما لَيْسَ عِنْدَكَ". أخْرجَه أبو داوُدَ، والتِّرمِذِيُّ (١)، وقال: حَدِيثٌ حَسَنٌ صَحِيحٌ. قال الأَثْرَمُ:
(١٤) أى يُشْعِلُون بها سُرُجَهم.(١٥) جَمَلَه يجمُله جَمْلا، وأجْمَلَه: أذابَه واستخرج دُهْنَه. لسان العرب (ج م ل).(١٦) أخرجه البخارى، فى: باب بيع الميتة والأصنام، من كتاب البيوع. صحيح البخارى ٣/ ١١٠. ومسلم، فى: باب تحريم بيع الخمر والميتة. . .، من كتاب المساقاة. صحيح مسلم ٣/ ١٢٠٧.كما أخرجه أبو داود، فى: باب فى ثمن الخمر والميتة، من كتاب البيوع. سنن أبي داود ٢/ ٢٥٠، ٢٥١. والترمذى، فى: باب ما جاء فى بيع جلود الميتة والأصنام، من أبواب البيوع. عارضة الأحوذى ٥/ ٢٩٩، ٣٠٠. والنسائي، فى: باب بيع الخنزير، من كتاب البيوع. المجتبى ٧/ ٢٧٢، ٢٧٣. وابن ماجه، فى: باب ما لا يحل بيعه، من كتاب التجارات. سنن ابن ماجه ٢/ ٧٣٢.(١٧) فى م: "يحرم".(١٨) سقط من: م.(١) أخرجه أبو داود، فى: باب فى الرجل يبيع ما ليس عنده، من كتاب البيوع. سنن أبي داود ٢/ ٢٥٤. والترمذى، فى: باب ما جاء فى كراهية بيع ما ليس عندك، من أبواب البيوع. عارضة الأحوذى ٥/ ٢٤٣.كما أخرجه النسائي، فى: باب بيع ما ليس عند البائع، وباب سلف وبيع. . .، وباب شرطان فى بيع. . .، =
