the Qadi; that which is intended for its weight after its manufacture, such as vessels (20), then Riba applies to it, and what is not (21), then it does not.
Section: Riba applies to the meat of birds. Abu Yusuf said: It does not apply to it, because it is sold without weight. Our view is that it is meat, so Riba applies to it, like other meats. As for his statement that it is not weighed, we say: It is of the same category as what is weighed, and its weight is intended, and its value differs according to its heaviness and lightness, so it resembles that which is sold from bread by number.
Section: High quality and low quality, raw (gold/silver) and coined, and sound and broken are the same regarding the permissibility of sale with equality, and its prohibition with tafadul (increase). This is the opinion of the majority of scholars, including Abu Hanifa and al-Shafi'i. It is narrated from Malik that it is permissible to sell coined (currency) for its value of the same type, but his companions denied this and negated it from him. Some of our companions narrated from Ahmad a narration that it is not permissible (22) to sell sound items for broken ones, because manufacture has value; as evidenced by cases of destruction, thus it becomes as if he joined the value of the manufacture to the gold. Our evidence is the statement of the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him): "Gold for gold, like for like; and silver for silver, like for like." (23) And from 'Ubadah, from the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him), that he said: "Gold for gold, its raw form and its coined form; and silver for silver, its raw form and its coined form." Recorded by Abu Dawud (24). Muslim (25) recorded from Abu al-Ash'ath that Mu'awiyah ordered the sale of silver vessels [for] the people's allowances, so this reached 'Ubadah, and he said: I (26) heard
(20) Al-Astal: Plural of satl, which is a vessel made of metal like a cauldron, with a handle like a semicircle attached to two loops. (21) In the original: "wa-illa" (and if not). (22) In the original: "annahu" (that he). (23) Its documentation was provided previously on page 54. (24) In: The Chapter on Exchange (al-sarf), from the Book of Sales. Sunan Abi Dawud 2/222, 223. It was also recorded by al-Nasa'i, in: The Chapter on the Sale of Barley for Barley, from the Book of Sales. al-Mujtaba 7/242, 243. (25) Its documentation was provided previously on page 54. (26) Omitted from: M.
القاضي؛ أنَّ ما كان يُقْصَدُ وَزْنُه بَعْدَ عملِه كالأسْطالِ (٢٠) ففيه الرِّبا، وما لا (٢١) فلا.
فصل: ويَجْرِى الرِّبا في لَحْمِ الطَّيْرِ، وعن أبي يوسفَ: لا يَجْرِي فيه؛ لأنَّه يُباعُ بغيرِ وَزْنٍ. ولَنا، أنه لَحْمٌ فجَرَى فيه الرِّبا، كسَائِر اللُّحْمَانِ. وقولُه: لا يُوزَنُ. قلنا: هو مِن جِنْسِ ما يُوزَنُ، ويُقْصَدُ ثِقْلُهُ، وتَخْتَلِفُ قِيمَتُه بِثِقْلِه وخِفَّتِه، فأشْبَهَ ما يُباعُ مِن الخُبْزِ بالعَدَدِ.
فصل: والجَيِّدُ والرَّدِىءُ، والتِّبْرُ والمَضْرُوبُ، والصَّحِيحُ والمَكْسُورُ، سواءٌ في جوازِ البَيْعِ مع التَّماثُلِ، وتَحْرِيمِه مع التَّفاضُلِ. وهذا قولُ أكْثَرِ أهلِ العلمِ، منهم؛ أبو حنيفةَ، والشَّافِعيُّ. وحُكِيَ عن مالِكٍ جوازُ بَيْعِ المَضْرُوبِ بِقيمَتِه من جِنْسِه، وأنْكَرَ أصحابُه ذلك، ونَفَوْهُ عنه. وحَكَى بعضُ أصحابِنا عن أحمدَ رِوايَةً، لا يجوزُ (٢٢) بَيْعُ الصِّحاحِ بالمُكَسَّرَةِ. ولأنّ لِلصِّناعَةِ قِيمَةً؛ بِدَلِيلِ حالةِ الإتلافِ، فيَصِيرُ كأنه ضَمَّ قِيمَةَ الصِّناعَةِ إلى الذَّهَبِ. ولَنا، قولُ النَّبِيِّ -صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ-: "الذَّهَبُ بالذَّهَبِ مِثْلًا بِمِثْلٍ، والْفِضَّةُ بالْفِضَّةِ مِثْلًا بِمِثْلٍ" (٢٣). وعن عُبادَةَ، عن النَّبِيِّ -صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ-، أنَّه قال: "الذَّهَبُ بِالذَّهَبِ تِبْرُهَا وَعَيْنُهَا، وَالْفِضَّةُ بِالْفِضَّةِ تِبْرُهَا وَعَيْنُها". رواه أبو دَاوُدَ (٢٤). ورَوَى مُسْلِمٌ (٢٥)، عن أبي الأشْعَثِ، أنّ مُعاوِيَةَ أمَرَ بِبَيْعِ آنِيَةٍ مِن فِضَّةٍ في أُعْطِياتِ الناسِ، فَبَلَغَ عُبادَةَ فقال: إنِّي (٢٦) سَمِعْتُ
(٢٠) الأسْطال: جمع سَطْل، وهو إناء من معدن كالمِرْجَل، له علاقة كنصف الدائرة مركبة في عروتين.(٢١) في الأصل: "وإلا".(٢٢) في الأصل: "أنه".(٢٣) تقدم تخريجه في صفحة ٥٤.(٢٤) في: باب في الصرف، من كتاب البيوع. سنن أبي داود ٢/ ٢٢٢، ٢٢٣.كما أخرجه النسائي، في: باب بيع الشعير بالشعير، من كتاب البيوع. المجتبى ٧/ ٢٤٢، ٢٤٣.(٢٥) تقدم تخريجه في صفحة ٥٤.(٢٦) سقط من: م.