ShamelaTranslate
بحث
تسجيل الدخول
ShamelaTranslate

© 2026 ShamelaTranslate. مشروع علمي مفتوح الوصول.

حولتواصلتبرّعبيانات النشرالخصوصيةشروط الاستخدامحق الانسحابإلغاء اشتراك
المغني لابن قدامة - ت التركي
مجلد 6 · صفحة 615فصل

الترجمة · EN

It is also possible to infer that manumission suffices for him, based on our statement regarding its validity from him. If he vows a physical act of worship, he is obligated to perform it; because he is not restricted regarding his own person. If he vows the donation of wealth, it is not valid from him, and he performs expiation through fasting. If the interdiction is lifted from him before he performs the expiation in all these instances, he is obligated to perform manumission if he is capable of it. The implication of our colleagues' view is that he is obligated to fulfill his vow, based on their view regarding someone who makes an acknowledgment before the interdiction is lifted from him, then it is lifted from him, as he is then obligated to fulfill it. If the interdiction is lifted after he has performed the expiation, nothing is required of him, just as if he had performed the expiation for his oath through fasting and then the interdiction was lifted from him.

Section: If he acknowledges the lineage of a child, it is accepted from him; because it is not an acknowledgment of wealth, nor a disposition over it, so it is accepted, like his acknowledgment of hadd (prescribed penalty) and divorce. When the lineage is established, its rulings apply to him, such as maintenance and other things; because that occurred as an implication of what was valid from him, so it resembles the maintenance of a wife.

816 - Issue; he said: (And if he acknowledges a debt, it is not binding upon him during the state of his interdiction).

The entirety of this is that if the spendthrift (safih) acknowledges wealth, such as a debt, or what necessitates it, such as unintentional homicide (khata'), semi-intentional homicide, destruction of wealth, usurpation, or theft, his acknowledgment is not accepted regarding it; because he is under interdiction for his own benefit, so his acknowledgment of wealth is not valid, like that of a minor and an insane person. Furthermore, if we were to accept his acknowledgment regarding his wealth, the meaning of the interdiction would vanish; because he would dispose of his wealth, then acknowledge it, and the one to whom it is acknowledged would take it. Also, because he has acknowledged what he is prohibited from disposing of, [so it does not take effect], like the acknowledgment of a mortgagor regarding the mortgaged property, or the insolvent person regarding his wealth. The implication of al-Khiraqi's statement is that he is obligated by what he acknowledged after the interdiction is lifted from him. This is the apparent view of our colleagues and the view of Abu Thawr; because he is a legally responsible person who has acknowledged what is not binding upon him at the moment, so it becomes binding upon him after the interdiction is lifted from him, like a slave who acknowledges a debt, a mortgagor who acknowledges [regarding] mortgaged property, or an insolvent person [regarding wealth]. It is also possible that his acknowledgment is not valid and he is not to be held to it in

الحواشي

(1) Omitted from: M. (2) Omitted from: M. (3) Omitted from: the original, A.

العربية (المصدر)

ويَتَخَرَّجُ أن يُجْزِئَهُ العِتْقُ، بنَاءً على قولِنا بِصِحَّتِه منه. وإن نَذَرَ عِبَادَةً بَدَنِيَّةً، لَزِمَهُ فِعْلُها؛ لأَنَّه غيرُ مَحْجُورٍ عليه فى بَدَنِه. وإن نَذَرَ صَدَقَةَ المالِ، لم يَصِحَّ منه، وكَفَّرَ بالصِّيَامِ. وإن فُكَّ الحَجْرُ عنه قبلَ تَكْفِيرِه فى هذهِ المَوَاضِع كلِّها، لَزِمَهُ العِتْقُ، إن قَدَرَ عليه. ومُقْتَضَى قولِ أصْحَابِنَا أنَّه يَلْزَمُه الوَفَاءُ بِنَذْرِه، بنَاءً على قولِهِم فى مَن أقَرَّ قبلَ فَكِّ الحَجْرِ عنه، ثم فُكَّ عنه، فإنَّه يَلْزَمُه أَدَاؤُه، وإن فُكَّ بعدَ تَكْفِيرِه، لم يَلْزَمْهُ شىءٌ، كما لو كَفَّرَ عن يَمِينِه بالصِّيَامِ ثم فُكَّ الحَجْرُ عنه.

فصل: وإن أقَرَّ بِنَسَبِ وَلَدٍ، قُبِلَ منه؛ لأنَّه ليس بإقْرَارٍ بمالٍ، ولا تَصَرُّفٍ فيه، فَقُبِلَ، كإقرَارِه بالحَدِّ والطَّلاقِ. وإذا ثَبَتَ النَّسَبُ، لَزِمَتْهُ أحْكَامُه، من النَّفَقَةِ وغيرها؛ لأنَّ ذلك حَصَلَ ضِمْنًا لما صَحَّ منه، فأشْبَهَ نَفَقَةَ الزَّوْجَةِ.

٨١٦ - مسألة؛ قال: (وَإِنْ أقَرَّ بِدَيْنٍ، لَمْ يَلْزَمْهُ فِى حَالِ حَجْرِهِ)

وجُمْلَتُه أنَّ السَّفِيهَ إذا أقَرَّ بمَالٍ، كالدَّيْنِ، أو بما يُوجِبُه، كجِنَايَةِ الخَطَإِ وشِبْهِ العَمْدِ، وإتْلَافِ المالِ، وغَصْبِه، وسَرِقَتِه، لم يُقْبَلْ إقْرَارُه بِه؛ لأنَّه مَحْجُورٌ عليه لِحَظِّه، فلم يَصِحَّ إقْرَارُه بالمالِ، كالصَّبِيِّ والمَجْنُونِ. ولأنَّا لو قَبِلْنا إقْرَارَهُ فى مَالِه، لَزَالَ مَعْنَى الحَجْرِ؛ لأنَّه يَتَصَرَّفُ فى مَالِه، ثم يُقِرُّ به، فيَأْخُذُه المُقَرُّ له. ولأنَّه أقَرَّ بما هو مَمْنُوعٌ من التَّصَرُّفِ فيه، [فلم يَنْفُذْ] (١) كإِقْرَارِ الرَّاهِنِ على الرَّهْنِ، والمُفْلِسِ على المَالِ. ومُقْتَضَى قولِ الخِرَقِيِّ، أنَّهُ يَلْزَمُه ما أقَرَّ به بعد فَكِّ الحَجْرِ عنه. وهو الظَّاهِرُ من قولِ أصْحَابِنَا، وقولِ أبِى ثَوْرٍ؛ لأنَّه مُكَلَّفٌ أقَرَّ بما لا يَلْزَمُهُ فى الحالِ، فلَزِمَهُ بعدَ فَكِّ الحَجْرِ عنه، كالعَبْدِ يُقِرُّ بِدَيْنٍ، والرَّاهِنِ يُقِرُّ (٢) على الرَّهْنِ، والمُفْلِس [على المالِ] (٣). ويَحْتَمِلُ أن لا يَصِحَّ إقرَارُه، ولا يُؤْخَذ به فى

الحواشي

(١) سقط من: م.(٢) سقط من: م.(٣) سقط من: الأصل، أ.

السابقمجلد 6 · صفحة 615التالي
السابق6·615التالي