O Allah, here is your dinar and here is your sheep." He asked: "How did you manage?" So I told him the story, and he said: "O Allah, bless him in the transaction of his right hand." Narrated by al-Athram. This is because it is the growth (nama') of another's property without the owner's permission, so it belongs to its owner, as if he usurped wheat and planted it. As for the Mudarib, there are two narrations regarding him: One is that he has nothing, because he concluded a contract for which he was not permitted, so he has nothing, like a usurper. This is the choice of Abu Bakr. The second is that he is entitled to a wage, because the owner of the capital accepted the sale and took the profit, so the worker is entitled to compensation, as if he had concluded it with his permission. Regarding the amount of the wage, there are two narrations: One is his standard wage, provided it does not encompass the entire profit; because he performed work for which he deserves compensation, and he was not granted the stipulated amount, so he is entitled to his standard wage, like a corrupt Mudaraba. The second is that he receives the lesser of the stipulated amount or the standard wage; because if the lesser is the stipulated amount, he has accepted it and does not deserve more; and if the lesser is the standard wage, he does not deserve more; because he did not perform what he was commanded to do. If he intended the purchase for himself, he receives no wage, by a single narration. The Qadi and Abu al-Khattab said: If he buys on credit, and then pays with the capital, he has no wage, by a single narration. If he buys with the actual capital, it is subject to two narrations.
Section: The worker must personally handle everything that is customary for the Mudarib to handle himself, such as unfolding the garment, folding it, showing it to the buyer, negotiating with him, concluding the contract with him, taking the price, examining it, tying the bag, sealing it, storing it in the chest, and the like. He is not entitled to a wage for this, because he is entitled to the profit in return for it. If he hires someone to do that, the wage is upon him alone, because the labor is his responsibility. As for that which [the owner of the capital] does not customarily handle;
(18) Its documentation was mentioned previously in: 6/295. (19) In [A], [B], [M]: "bi-idhn" (with permission). (20) In [M]: "radiya" (he consented). (21) Omitted from: the original. (22) In [M]: "al-'amil" (the worker).
اللهِ، هذا دِينَارُكم، وهذه شَاتُكم. قال: "كيْفَ صَنَعْتَ؟ " فحَدَّثْتُه الحَدِيثَ، فقال: "اللَّهُمَّ بَارِكْ لَهُ في صَفْقَةِ يَمِينِهِ". رَوَاهُ الأَثْرَمُ (١٨). ولأنَّه نَماءُ مالِ غيرِه، بغيرِ إذْنِ مالِكِه، فكان لمَالِكِه، كما لو غصَبَ حِنْطَةً فزَرَعَها. فأمَّا المُضارِبُ، ففيه رِوَايَتانِ؛ إحْداهما، لا شىءَ له؛ لأنَّه عَقَدَ عَقْدًا لم يُؤْذَنْ له فيه، فلم يكُنْ له شيءٌ، كالغاصِبِ. وهذا اخْتِيارُ أبى بكرٍ. والثانية، له أَجْرٌ؛ لأنَّ رَبَّ المالِ رَضِىَ بالبَيْعِ، وأَخَذَ الرِّبْحَ، فاسْتَحَقَّ العامِلُ عِوَضًا، كما لو عَقَدَه بإِذْنِه (١٩). وفى قَدْرِ الأَجْرِ رِوَايتانِ؛ إحْداهما، أجْرُ مِثْلِه، ما لم يُحِطْ بالرِّبْحِ؛ لأنَّه عَمِلَ ما يَسْتَحِقُّ به العِوَضَ، ولم يُسَلَّمْ له المُسَمَّى، فكان له أجْرُ مِثْلِه، كالمُضارَبةِ الفاسِدَةِ. والثانية، له الأقَلُّ من المُسَمَّى أو أجْرِ المِثْلِ؛ لأنَّه إن كان الأَقَلُّ المُسَمَّى، فقد رَضِىَ به، فلم يَسْتَحِقَّ أكْثَرَ منه، وإن كان الأَقَلُّ أجْرَ المِثْلِ، لم يَسْتَحِقَّ أكْثَرَ منه؛ لأنَّه لم يَعْمَلْ ما أُمِرَ (٢٠) به. وإن قَصَدَ الشِّرَاءَ لِنَفْسِه، فلا أجْرَ له، رِوَايةً واحِدَةً. وقال القاضي، وأبو الخَطَّابِ: إن اشْتَرَى في ذِمَّتِه، ثم نَقَدَ المالَ، فلا أجْرَ له، رِوَايةً واحِدَةً، وإن اشْتَرَى بعَيْنِ المالِ، فعلى رِوَايَتَيْنِ.
فصل: وعلى العاملِ أن يَتَوَلَّى بِنَفْسِه كلَّ ما جَرَتِ العادَةُ أن يَتَوَلَّاهُ المُضَارِبُ بِنَفْسِه؛ من نَشْرِ الثَّوْبِ، وطَيِّه، وعَرْضِه على المُشْتَرِى، ومُسَاوَمَتِه، وعَقْدِ البَيْعِ معه، وأخْذِ الثَّمنِ، وانْتِقَادِه، وشَدِّ الكِيسِ، وخَتْمه، وإحْرَازِه في الصُّندُوقِ، ونحو ذلك. ولا أجْرَ له (٢١) عليه؛ لأنَّه مُسْتَحِقٌّ للرِّبْحِ في مُقَابَلَتِه. فإن اسْتَأْجَرَ مَنْ يَفْعَلُ ذلك، فالأَجْرُ عليه خاصَّةً؛ لأنَّ العَمَلَ عليه. فأمَّا ما لا يَلِيهِ [رَبُّ المالِ] (٢٢) في العادَةِ؛
(١٨) تقدم تخريجه في: ٦/ ٢٩٥.(١٩) في أ، ب، م: "بإذن".(٢٠) في م: "رضى".(٢١) سقط من: الأصل.(٢٢) في م: "العامل".