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حولتواصلتبرّعبيانات النشرالخصوصيةشروط الاستخدامحق الانسحابإلغاء اشتراك
المغني لابن قدامة - ت التركي
مجلد 7 · صفحة 187فصل

الترجمة · EN

and his share from the two of them is five hundred, leaving two thousand and five hundred. The owner of the wealth takes two thousand, because the other confirms it, and five hundred remains as profit between the owner of the wealth and the other agent, which they divide into thirds: the owner of the wealth gets two-thirds, and the agent gets one-third, which is one hundred sixty-six and two-thirds, and the owner of the wealth gets three hundred thirty-three and one-third; this is because the share of the owner of the wealth from the profit is half, and the share of this agent is one-fourth, so the remainder of the profit is divided between them in thirds. What the one who swore took, in excess of the amount of his share, is like that which was destroyed between them, and what is destroyed in a Mudaraba is calculated from the profit. This is the opinion of Al-Shafi'i.

Section: If he gives a man one thousand to trade with, and he makes a profit, then the agent says: "It was a loan, so the entire profit is mine," and the owner of the wealth says: "It was a Qirad, so the profit is between us," the statement is that of the owner of the wealth, because it is his property, so his statement is taken regarding the nature of its departure from his hand. Once he takes the oath, we divide the profit between them. It is possible that they take oaths against each other, and the agent receives the greater of the two: the share he stipulated for himself from the profit or the wage of his like; because if the greater amount is his share from the profit, the owner of the wealth has acknowledged it for him, while he claims the entire profit. If the wage of his like is greater, then his statement is accepted regarding his work, along with his oath. Just as the statement of the owner of the wealth is accepted regarding the profit of his wealth, once he swears, his statement is accepted that he did not work under this condition, and that he worked for a purpose that was not realized for him, so he receives the wage of his like. If each of them brings evidence for his claim, Ahmad stipulated in the narration of Muhanna that they cancel each other out, and the profit is divided between them in half. If the owner of the wealth says: "It was a consignment (bida'a)," and the agent says: "Rather, it was a Qirad," it is possible that the statement is that of the agent, because he did the work for him, so his statement is accepted regarding it. It is also possible that they take oaths against each other, and the agent receives the lesser of the two: his share from the profit or the wage of his like, because he does not claim more than his share from the profit, so he does not deserve an increase over it. If the lesser is the wage of his like, then it is not established that it was a Qirad, so he receives the wage for his work. If the owner of the wealth says: "It was a consignment," and the agent says: "It was a loan," each of them shall swear regarding

الحواشي

(13) Omitted from: the original, A. (14) In A, B, and M: "lam". (15) Omitted from: the original.

العربية (المصدر)

فنَصِيبُه منهما خَمْسُمائة، يَبْقَى ألْفَانِ وخَمْسُمائة، يَأْخُذُ رَبُّ المالِ أَلْفَيْنِ؛ لأنَّ الآخَرَ يُصَدِّقُه، ويَبْقَى خَمْسُمائة رِبْحًا بين رَبِّ المالِ والعامِلِ الآخَر، يَقْتَسِمانِها أثْلَاثًا، لِرَبِّ المالِ ثُلُثَاها، وللعامِلِ ثُلُثُها مائة وسِتَّة وسِتُّون وثُلُثانِ، ولِرَبِّ المالِ ثلاثُمائةٍ وثلاثةٌ وثَلَاثُونَ وثُلُثٌ؛ لأنَّ نَصِيبَ رَبِّ المالِ من الرِّبْحِ نِصْفُه، ونَصِيبَ هذا العامِلِ رُبْعُه، فيُقْسَمُ بينهما باقِى الرِّبْحِ على ثلاثةٍ، وما أخَذَهُ الحالِفُ فيما زَادَ على قَدْرِ نَصِيبِه كالتَّالِفِ منهما، والتالِفُ يُحْسَبُ في المُضَارَبةِ من الرِّبْحِ. وهذا قول الشَّافِعِىِّ.

فصل: وإن دَفَعَ إلى رَجُلٍ أَلْفًا يَتجِرُ فيه، فرَبِحَ، فقال العامِلُ: كان قَرْضًا لي رِبْحُه كلُّه. وقال ربُّ المالِ: كان قِرَاضًا فَرِبْحُه بيننا. فالقولُ قولُ رَبِّ المالِ؛ لأنَّه مِلْكُه، فالقولُ قولُه في صِفَةِ خُرُوجِه عن يَدِه. فإذا حَلَفَ قَسَمْنَا الرِّبْحَ بينهما. ويَحْتَمِلُ أن يَتَحالَفَا، ويكونُ للعامِلِ أكْثَرُ الأَمْرَيْنِ ممَّا شَرَطَهُ له من الرِّبْحِ أو أَجْرِ مثلِه؛ لأنَّه إن كان الأَكْثَرُ نَصِيبَهُ من الرِّبْحِ، فرَبُّ المالِ مُعْتَرِفٌ له به، وهو يَدَّعِى الرِّبْحَ كلَّه، وإن كان أجْرُ مِثْلِه أكْثَرَ، فالقولُ قولُه في عَمَلِه مع يَمِينِه. كما أنَّ القولَ قولُ رَبِّ المالِ في رِبْحِ (١٣) مالِه، فإذا حَلَفَ قُبِلَ قولُه في أنَّه ما عَمِلَ بهذا الشَّرْطِ، وإنَّما عَمِلَ لِغَرَضٍ ولم (١٤) يَسْلَمْ له، فيكونُ له أجْرُ المِثْلِ. وإن أقامَ كلُّ واحدٍ منهما بَيِّنةٌ بِدَعْوَاهُ، فنَصَّ أحمدُ في رِوَايةِ مُهَنَّا، أنَّهما يَتَعارَضَانِ، ويُقْسَمُ الرِّبْحُ بينهما نِصفَيْنِ. وإن قال رَبُّ المالِ: كان بِضَاعةً. وقال العامِلُ: بل كان قِرَاضًا. احْتَمَلَ أن يكونَ القولُ قولَ العامِلِ؛ لأنَّه عَمِلَه له، فيكونُ القولُ قولَه فيه. ويَحْتَمِلُ أن يَتَحالَفَا، ويكونُ للعامِلِ أقَلُّ الأَمْرَيْنِ من نَصِيبِه من الرِّبْحِ أو أَجْرِ مثلِه؛ لأنَّه لا (١٥) يَدَّعِى أكْثَرَ من نَصِيبِه من الرِّبْحِ، فلا يَسْتَحِقُّ زِيَادَةً عليه. وإن كان الأَقَلُّ أَجْرَ مِثْلِه، فلم يَثْبُتْ كونُه قِرَاضًا، فيكونُ له أجْرُ عَمَلِه. وإن قال رَبُّ المالِ: كان بِضَاعَةً. وقال العامِلُ: كان قَرْضًا. حَلَفَ كلُّ واحدٍ منهما على

الحواشي

(١٣) سقط من: الأصل، أ.(١٤) في أ، ب، م: "لم".(١٥) سقط من: الأصل.

السابقمجلد 7 · صفحة 187التالي
السابق7·187التالي