this is [a form of] disposal of their land without their permission. Ahmad said, regarding someone who bought food from a usurped place and then learned [of the status]: He should return to the place where he took it from and return it. It is also narrated from him that he said: He should cast it away, meaning, toward the one from whom he bought it. This is because his sitting there is unlawful and forbidden, thus the sale therein is prohibited, and because purchasing from those who sit in a forbidden place encourages them to continue sitting and selling there, whereas refraining from buying from them [prevents them from] (16) sitting there. He also said: One should not buy from the caravansaries (khans) on the roads, unless he finds no other [option]; it is as if he is in the position of one compelled. Regarding a Sultan who builds a house and gathers people to it, he said: I dislike buying from it. This, God willing, is by way of piety, due to the assistance it entails for an unlawful act, whereas the apparent ruling is the validity of the sale; for if prayer in a usurped house is valid—according to one report—and it is an act of worship, then that which is not an act of worship is even more so. Regarding someone who usurps a farm, and it is then usurped from the usurper, and the second [usurper] wishes to return it, he said: He should bring them together; meaning between its owner and the first usurper. If some of them have died, he should bring together his heirs. He said this only as a precaution, fearing repercussions from the first usurper, for he might claim it, asserting ownership by possession; otherwise, the obligation is to return it to its owner. He clarified this in the report of Abdullah, regarding a man who entrusted a man with a thousand [dirhams], then a man came to the trustee and said: "So-and-so usurped from me the thousand which he deposited with you." If this is proven to the trustee, and he does not fear repercussions—that is, that they might return upon him [seeking redress]—he should hand it over to him.

864 - Issue: He said: (And whoever usurps a male or female slave, whose value is one hundred, and [the slave] increases in body, or by learning a trade, until its value becomes two hundred, then [the slave] decreases due to loss in body, or forgetting what was taught, until its value becomes one hundred, the master takes it, and takes from the usurper one hundred.)

Al-Shafi'i held this view. Abu Hanifa and Malik said: Compensation for the increase is not obligatory upon him, unless...