ShamelaTranslate
بحث
تسجيل الدخول
ShamelaTranslate

© 2026 ShamelaTranslate. مشروع علمي مفتوح الوصول.

حولتواصلتبرّعبيانات النشرالخصوصيةشروط الاستخدامحق الانسحابإلغاء اشتراك
المغني لابن قدامة - ت التركي
مجلد 7 · صفحة 406٨٦٩ - مسألة؛ قال: (وإذا كانت للمغصوب أجرة، فعلى الغاصب رده، وأجر مثله مدة مقامه في يديه)

الترجمة · EN

time of the possibility of return and demanding the usurper to exert effort in returning it. He only takes the value due to the obstruction between him and it, so what stands in its place is considered, and because his ownership has not ceased, unlike other cases.

869 - Issue: He said: "If the usurped item has a rental value, the usurper must return it, and pay for the rental of its equivalent for the duration it remained in his hands."

This issue contains two rulings: First, the obligation to return the usurped item. Second, the return of its rental. As for the first, whenever the usurped item remains intact, it must be returned, according to the saying of the Messenger of Allah (may Allah bless him and grant him peace): "The hand is liable for what it takes until it returns it." Narrated by Abu Dawud, Ibn Majah, and Al-Tirmidhi, who said: It is a hasan (good) hadith. It is also narrated by Abdullah ibn al-Sa'ib ibn Yazid, from his father, from his grandfather, that the Prophet (may Allah bless him and grant him peace) said: "None of you shall take the belongings of his companion, neither in jest nor in earnest. And whoever takes the staff of his brother, let him return it." Narrated by Abu Dawud, meaning he intends to joke with his companion by taking his belongings, while he is in earnest about causing him distress and anger. And because he removed the owner's hand from his property without right, so he is obligated to restore it. The scholars unanimously agreed on the obligation to return the usurped item if it remains as it was, without changing and without being occupied by anything else. If he usurps something and moves it far away, he is obligated to return it, even if he incurs expenses many times its value; because he committed a transgression by moving it far, so the harm of that is upon him. If the usurper says: "Take the cost of its return from me and receive it from me here," or offered him more than its value without him taking it back, the owner is not compelled to accept that.

الحواشي

(1) Its extraction was mentioned previously on page 342. (2) In B, there is an addition: "nor". (3) In the original: "falahu radduha" (then he may return it). (4) In: Chapter of whoever takes something in jest, from the Book of Etiquette (Kitab al-Adab). Sunan Abi Dawud 2/597. It was also extracted by Al-Tirmidhi in: Chapter of what was narrated that it is not permissible for a Muslim to frighten a Muslim, from the Chapters on Tribulations (Abwab al-Fitan). Aridat al-Ahwadhi 9/5. And Imam Ahmad in: Al-Musnad 4/221. (5) In the original: "falazamat-hu" (it became binding upon him). (6) In B and M: "falazama" (it became binding). (7) In the original: "wa lam" (and he did not).

العربية (المصدر)

وَقْتِ إِمْكانِ الرَّدِّ ومُطَالَبَةِ الغاصِبِ بالسَّعْىِ في رَدِّه، وإنَّما يَأْخُذُ القِيمَةَ لأَجْلِ الحَيْلُولةِ بينَه وبينَه، فيُعْتَبرُ ما يَقُومُ مَقَامَه، ولأنَّ مِلْكَهُ لم يَزُلْ عنه، بِخِلَافِ غيرِه.

٨٦٩ - مسألة؛ قال: (وَإذَا كَانتْ لِلْمَغْصُوبِ أُجْرَةٌ، فَعَلَى الْغاصِبِ رَدُّه، وأَجْرُ مِثْلِه مُدَّةَ مُقَامِهِ في يَديْهِ)

هذه المسألة تَشْتَمِلُ على حُكْمَيْنِ؛ أحدِهما، وُجُوبُ رَدِّ المَغْصُوبِ. والثانى، رَدُّ أُجْرَتِه. أمَّا الأَوَّلُ فإنَّ المَغْصُوبَ متى كان باقِيًا، وَجَبَ رَدُّهُ؛ لقولِ رسولِ اللَّه -صلى اللَّه عليه وسلم-: "عَلَى اليَدِ مَا أخَذَتْ حَتَّى تَرُدَّهُ". رَوَاه أبو دَاوُدَ، وابنُ ماجَه، والتِّرْمِذِىُّ (١)، وقال: حَدِيثٌ حَسَنٌ. ورَوَى عبدُ اللهِ بن السّائِبِ بن يَزِيدَ، عن أبِيهِ، عن جَدِّه، أنَّ النبيَّ -صلى اللَّه عليه وسلم- قال: "لَا يَأْخُذُ أحَدُكُمْ مَتَاعَ صَاحِبِه لَاعِبًا (٢) جَادًّا، وَمَنْ أخَذَ عَصَا أخَيهِ فَلْيَرُدَّهَا" (٣). رَوَاهُ أبو دَاوُدَ (٤). يَعْنِى أنَّه يَقْصِدُ المَزْحَ مع صَاحِبِه بأَخْذِ مَتَاعِه، وهو جَادٌّ في إدْخَالِ الغَمِّ والغَيْظِ عليه. ولأنَّه أزَالَ يَدَ المالِكِ عن مِلْكِه بغيرِ حَقٍّ، فلَزِمَهُ (٥) إعَادَتُها. وأَجْمَعَ العُلَماءُ على وُجُوبِ رَدِّ المَغْصُوبِ إذا كان باقِيًا بحَالِه لم يَتَغَيَّرْ، ولم يَشْتَغِلْ بغَيْرِه. فإن غَصَبَ شيئا، فبَعَّدَه، لَزِمَهُ (٦) رَدُّه، وإن غَرِمَ عليه أضْعَافَ قِيمَتِه؛ لأنَّه جَنَى بِتَبْعِيدِه، فكان ضَرَرُ ذلك عليه. فإن قال الغاصِبُ: خُذْ مِنِّى أَجْرَ رَدِّه، وتَسَلَّمْهُ مِنِّى ههُنا. أو بَذَلَ له أكْثَرَ من قِيمَتِه ولا يَسْتَرِدُّه، لم (٧) يَلْزَم

الحواشي

(١) تقدم تخريجه في صفحة ٣٤٢.(٢) في ب زيادة: "ولا".(٣) في الأصل: "فله ردها".(٤) في: باب من يأخذ الشيء عل المزاح، من كتاب الأدب. سنن أبي داود ٢/ ٥٩٧.كما أخرجه الترمذي، في: باب ما جاء لا يحل لمسلم أن يروع مسلما، من أبواب الفتن. عارضة الأحوذى ٩/ ٥. والإِمام أحمد، في: المسند ٤/ ٢٢١.(٥) في الأصل: "فلزمته".(٦) في ب، م: "فلزم".(٧) في الأصل: "ولم".

السابقمجلد 7 · صفحة 406التالي
السابق7·406التالي