a share, minus one-fifth of a bequest, equal to a bequest. Reconcile, equate, and expand; it becomes three of the share, equal to twelve shares of the bequest. They agree by thirds, so reduce them by their agreement; it becomes a share, equal to four. Thus, the bequest is one share and the share is four. Expand them; it becomes nineteen.

If the exception is after the bequest, you say: the estate is four shares and half a bequest, which is a share minus one-fifth of the remainder, which is nine-tenths of a share. One-tenth of a share remains; that is the bequest. Expand the whole into tenths; the shares become forty-five and the bequest is one share. If he excepted one-fifth of the entire estate, the bequest is one-tenth of a share minus one-fifth of a bequest. Reconcile; one-tenth becomes equal to a bequest and one-fifth. Expand; the share becomes sixty, the bequest five, and the entire estate two hundred and seventy-five. Remove sixty from it, and recover from it one-fifth of the estate, which is fifty-five; five remains for him. For the other is two-thirds of the remainder, ninety, and one hundred and eighty remain, with sixty for each son. It returns by reduction to its fifth, and that is fifty-five; one share for the first legatee, eighteen for the second, and twelve for each son. By algebra, take an estate, remove a share from it, and add five to the estate; it becomes an estate and one-fifth minus a share. Remove one-third of that; four-fifths of an estate minus two-thirds of a share remain, equal to three. Reconcile, equate, and expand; the estate becomes eighteen and one-third. Multiply it by three, so that the fraction is removed; it becomes fifty-five.

If he excepted the entire fifth and bequeathed the entire third, take the denominator of the two fractions, fifteen, and add its fifth to it. Then remove one-third of the entire estate; thirteen remains, which is the share. Add a share to the shares of the sons and multiply it by the estate; it becomes sixty, which is the estate. If he excepted one-fifth of the remainder and bequeathed one-third of the entire estate, the procedure is the same, except that you add a share and a fifth to the shares of the sons and multiply them; it becomes sixty-three. If he excepted one-fifth of what remained of the third, you add one share to the fifteen, so it becomes sixteen. Then remove one-third of the entire estate; eleven remains, which is the share. Then you add