Section: Two conditions are considered in the terminally ill patient to whom these rulings apply: First, that death is connected to his illness. If he recovers from the illness in which he made the gift and then dies afterwards, the ruling on his gift is the ruling on a gift made by a healthy person, because it is not considered a terminal illness. Second, that the illness be life-threatening. Illnesses are of four categories: Non-life-threatening, such as eye pain, a toothache, a minor headache, or a momentary fever. The ruling for someone with such an ailment is the ruling for a healthy person, because it is not typically feared to be fatal. The second category is chronic illnesses, such as leprosy, quartan fever, hemiplegia in its final stage, consumption (tuberculosis) in its early stage, and tertian fever. This category, if it forces the patient to his bed, is considered life-threatening. If he is not bedridden but continues to go about his affairs, his gifts are valid from the entire estate. Al-Qadi said: "This is the realization of the school regarding it." Harb narrated from Ahmad regarding the bequest of a leper and a paralyzed person: "It is from the third." This is understood as applying when they have become bedridden. This is the opinion of al-Awza'i, al-Thawri, Malik, Abu Hanifa and his companions, and Abu Thawr. Abu Bakr mentioned a view that for those with chronic illnesses, their gift is from the entirety of the wealth, which is the position of al-Shafi'i, because there is no fear of the acceleration of death in it; even if they do not recover, they are like the elderly. Our argument is that he is a sick, bedridden person who fears death, so he resembles one with a persistent fever. As for the elderly person, if he becomes bedridden, he is like our case. The third category is one whose death is certain to be accelerated. This is examined: if his intellect has become impaired—such as someone who has been slaughtered or whose internal organs have been removed—then there is no ruling for his speech or his gift, because he retains no stable intellect. If his intellect is stable, such as someone whose internal organs have been punctured,