The slave has two portions, and the heirs have two portions of the slave and his earnings. Thus, the slave and his earnings are divided into two halves; half of him is emancipated, he has half of his earnings, and the heirs have half of both. If he earns twice his value, he has two portions of his earnings, which makes three portions for him and two for them. Thus, the slave and his earnings are divided into fifths; three-fifths of him are emancipated, he has three-fifths of his earnings, and the heirs have two-fifths of him and two-fifths of his earnings. If he earns three times his value, he has three portions of his earnings along with what is emancipated of him, and they have two portions. Thus, two-thirds of him are emancipated, he has two-thirds of his earnings, and they have the third of both. If he earns half of his value, one portion of him is emancipated, he has half a portion, and they have two portions. The total is three and a half portions; if you expand them into halves, they become seven. He has three-sevenths of them, so three-sevenths of him are emancipated, he has three-sevenths of his earnings, and the remainder belongs to them. If his value is one hundred, and he earns nine, then assign to him from every dinar a portion. Say: one hundred portions of him are emancipated, he has nine portions of his earnings, and they have two hundred portions. Thus, one hundred parts and nine parts out of three hundred and nine are emancipated from him, he has the same from his earnings, and they have two hundred parts of himself and two hundred from his earnings. If the master has a debt that consumes his value and the value of his earnings, both are spent on the debt, and nothing is emancipated from him; because debt takes precedence over charity. If it does not consume his value and the value of his earnings, as much of the slave and his earnings as will satisfy the debt is spent, and the remainder of both is divided based on what is done for a complete slave and his earnings. If the master had a debt equal to his value, half the slave and half his earnings are spent on it, and the remainder is divided between the heirs and the emancipation in two halves. The same applies to the rest of the earnings. If the slave earns the equivalent of his value, and the master has wealth equal to his value, you divide the slave and twice his value into the four portions; every portion is worth three-fourths. Thus, three-fourths of the slave are emancipated, and he has three-fourths of his earnings. If he emancipated a slave whose value is twenty, then he emancipated a slave whose value is ten,
(9) Omitted from M. (10) In A and M: "yaqtadi". (11) In A: "ka-qimat al-'abd". (12) In A and M, an addition: "al-nisf".
لِلْعَبْدِ شَيْئانِ، ولِلْوَرَثةِ شَيْئانِ من العَبْدِ وكَسْبِه، فيُقْسَمُ العَبْدُ وكَسْبُه نِصْفَيْنِ، يَعْتِقُ منه نِصْفُه، وله نِصْفُ كَسْبِه، ولِلْوَرَثةِ نِصْفُهُما. وإن كَسَبَ مِثْلَىْ قِيمَتِه، فله من كَسْبِه شَيْئانِ، صارَ له ثَلَاثةُ أشْياءٍ، ولهم شَيْئانِ، فيُقْسَمُ العَبْدُ وكَسْبُه أخْماسًا، يَعْتِقُ منه ثَلَاثةُ أخْمَاسِه، وله ثَلَاثةُ أخْماسِ كَسْبِه، ولِلْوَرَثَةِ خُمْسَاه وخُمْسَا كَسْبِه. وإن كَسَبَ ثَلَاثةَ أمْثالِ قِيمَتِه، فله ثَلَاثةُ أشْياء من كَسْبِه مع ما عَتَقَ منه، ولهم شَيْئانِ، فيَعْتِقُ منه ثُلُثَاهُ، وله ثُلُثَا كَسْبِه، ولهم الثُّلُثُ منهما. وإن كَسَبَ نِصْفَ قِيمَتِه، عَتَقَ منه شيءٌ، وله نِصْفُ شيءٍ، ولهم شَيْئانِ، فالجَمِيع ثَلَاثةُ أشْياءٍ ونِصْف، إذا بَسَطْتَها أَنْصَافًا صارَتْ سَبْعةً، له ثَلَاثةُ أسْباعِها، فيَعْتِقُ ثَلَاثةُ أسْباعِه، وله ثَلَاثةُ أسْباعِ كَسْبِه، والباقى لهم. وإن كانت قِيمَتُه مائةً، فكَسَبَ تِسْعةً، فاجْعَلْ له من كلِّ دِينارٍ شيئًا، فَقُلْ: عَتَقَ منه مائةُ شيءٍ، وله من كَسْبِه تِسْعَةُ أشْياءٍ، ولهم مائَتَا شيءٍ. فيَعْتِقُ منه مائةُ (٩) جُزْءٍ وتِسْعةُ أجْزاءٍ من ثلاثِمائةٍ وتِسْعَة، وله من كَسْبِه مثلُ ذلك، ولهم مائَتَا جُزْءٍ من نَفْسِه ومائَتَانِ من كَسْبِه. وإن كان على السّيِّدِ دَيْنٌ يَسْتَغْرِقُ قِيمَتَه وقِيمَةَ كَسْبِه، صُرِفَا في الدَّيْنِ، ولم يَعْتِقْ منه شيءٌ؛ لأنَّ الدَّيْنَ مُقَدَّمٌ على التَّبَرُّعِ، وإن لم يَسْتَغْرِقْ قِيمَتَه وقِيمَةَ كَسْبِه، صُرِفَ من العَبْدِ وكَسْبِه ما يَقْضِى (١٠) به الدَّيْنَ، وما بَقِىَ منهما يُقْسَمُ على ما يُعْمَلُ في العَبْدِ الكامِلِ وكَسْبِه. فلو كان على السَّيِّدِ دَيْنٌ كَقِيمَتِه (١١)، صُرِفَ فيه نِصْفُ العَبْدِ، ونصْفُ كَسْبِه، وقُسِمَ (١٢) الباقِى بين الوَرَثةِ والعِتْقِ نِصْفَيْنِ. وكذلك بَقِيَّةُ الكَسْبِ، وإن كَسَبَ العَبْدُ مثلَ قِيمَتِه، ولِلسَّيِّدِ مالٌ مثلُ قِيمَتِه، قَسَمْتَ العَبْدَ ومِثْلَىْ قِيمَتِه على الأشْياءِ الأَرْبَعةِ، فلكلِّ شيءٍ ثَلَاثةُ أرْباعٍ، فيَعْتِقُ من العَبْدِ ثَلَاثةُ أرْباعِه، وله ثَلَاثةُ أرْباعِ كَسْبِه. ولو أعْتَقَ عبدًا قِيمَتُه عِشْرُونَ، ثم أعْتَقَ عَبْدًا قِيمَتُه عَشرَةٌ،
(٩) سقط من: م.(١٠) في أ، م: "يقتضى".(١١) في أ: "كقيمة العبد".(١٢) في أ، م زيادة: "النصف".