and thirty-three with the ten, it becomes forty-five for her. A third of it returns to the husband, so it becomes thirty for her heirs and seventy for his heirs; this is if she dies after the expiration of her waiting period. And if the woman left another hundred, then according to our view, one hundred and forty-five minus half a 'thing' remains with the husband’s heirs, which equals two 'things'. Thus, the 'thing' is two-fifths of that, which is fifty-eight, and this is what the concession is valid for. So she is entitled to that plus ten for the peer, amounting to one hundred and sixty-eight. Half of it, eighty-four, returns to the husband, and the remainder with him was thirty-two, so it becomes one hundred and sixteen, and eighty-four remains for her heirs.
Section: On Gifts (Hiba). If a man gifts his brother one hundred, owning nothing else, and he takes possession of it, then he dies and leaves a daughter, the gift is valid for a 'thing', and the remainder is for the donor. He (the donor) returns to himself through inheritance half of the 'thing' for which the gift was permitted, so he has one hundred minus half a 'thing', which equals two 'things'. Thus, the 'thing' is two-fifths of that, forty. Half of it, twenty, returns to the donor, so he has eighty, and twenty remains for the heirs of the donor’s brother. Its method in this chapter is that you take a number whose third has a half, which is six. You take its third, two, and discard its half, a share. One share remains, which is for the donee, and four remain for the donor. You divide the one hundred shares by five, and the share you discarded is not mentioned because it returns to all the remaining shares equally; therefore, it must be omitted, like the shares remaining beyond the fixed portions in the problem of 'Radd' (redistribution to heirs). A similar problem to this from the problems of 'Radd' is a mother and two sisters; the two sisters get four, the mother gets a share, and the mention of the sixth share is dropped. And if he had left two [heirs], you would multiply three by three, becoming nine, and you would drop...
(42) In M: 'and thirty'. (43) In [the addition]: 'and a half'. (44) In M: 'thirty'. (45) Thus in the copies, and it refers to its method in calculation. (46) In the original and A: 'between them'.
وثَلَاثُونَ مع العَشرَةِ، صارَ لها خَمْسةٌ وأرْبَعُونَ، رَجَعَ إلى الزَّوْجِ ثُلُثُها، صارَ لِوَرَثَتِها ثَلَاثُونَ ولِوَرَثَتِه سَبْعُونَ، هذا إذا ماتَتْ بعدَ انْقِضاءِ عِدَّتِها. وإن تَرَكَتِ المَرْأةُ مائةً أخرى، فعلى قَوْلِنا يَبْقَى مع وَرَثَةِ الزَّوْجِ مائةٌ وخَمْسَةٌ وأرْبَعُونَ إلَّا نِصْفَ شيءٍ، يَعْدِلُ شَيْئَيْنِ، فالشىءُ خُمْسَا ذلك، وهو ثمانِيةٌ وخَمْسُونَ، وهو الذي صَحَّتِ المُحاباةُ فيه، فلها ذلك وعَشرَةٌ بالمِثْلِ، صارَ لها مائةٌ وثمانِيَةٌ وسِتُّونَ، رَجَعَ إلى الزَّوْجِ نِصْفُها أرْبَعةٌ وثَمانُونَ، وكان الباقِى معه اثْنانِ وثَلَاثُونَ، صارَ له مائةٌ وسِتَّةَ عَشَرَ، ولِوَرَثَتِها أرْبَعةٌ وثَمانون (٤٢).
فصل: في الهِبَةِ؛ رَجُلٌ وَهَبَ أخَاه مائةً لا يَمْلِكُ غيرَها، فقَبَضَها، ثم ماتَ، وخَلَفَ بِنْتًا، فقد صَحَّتِ الهِبَةُ في شيءٍ، والباقِى لِلْواهِبِ، ورَجَعَ إليه بالمِيرَاثِ نِصْفُ الشىءِ الذي جازَتِ الهِبَةُ فيه، صارَ معه مائةٌ (٤٣) إلَّا نِصْفَ شيءٍ، يَعْدِلُ شَيْئَيْنِ، فالشىءُ خُمْسَا ذلك أَرْبَعُونَ، رَجَعَ إلى الواهِبِ نِصْفُها عِشْرُونَ، صارَ معه ثَمانُون (٤٤)، وبَقِىَ لِوَرَثةِ أخِى الواهِبِ عِشْرُونَ. وطَرِيقُها بالبابِ (٤٥) أن تَأْخُذَ عَدَدًا لِثُلُثِه نِصْفٌ، وهو سِتّةٌ، فتَأْخُذَ ثُلُثَه اثْنَيْنِ، وتُلْقِىَ نِصْفَه سَهْمًا، يَبْقَى سَهْمٌ، فهو لِلْمَوْهُوبِ له، ويَبْقَى لِلْواهِبِ أرْبَعةٌ، فتَقْسِمَ المائةَ سَهْمٍ (٤٦) على خَمْسَةٍ، والسَّهْم الذي أسْقَطْتَه لا يُذْكَرُ؛ لأنَّه يَرْجِعُ على جَمِيعِ السِّهَامِ الباقِيةِ بالسَّوِيَّةِ، فيَجِبُ اطِّرَاحُه، كالسِّهَامِ الفاضِلَةِ عن الفُرُوضِ في مَسْأَلةِ الرَّدِّ. وشبهُ هذه المَسْأَلةِ من مَسَائِلِ الرَّدِّ، أُمٌّ وأُخْتَانِ، فلِلأُخْتَيْنِ أرْبَعةٌ، وللأُمِّ سَهْمٌ، ويسْقطُ ذِكْرُ السَّهْمِ السادِسِ. ولو كان تَرَكَ اثْنَتَيْنِ، ضَرَبْتَ ثَلَاثَةً في ثَلَاثَةٍ، صارَتْ تِسْعةً، وأسْقَطْتَ
(٤٢) في م: "وثلاثون".(٤٣) في ازيادة: "ونصف".(٤٤) في م: "ثلاثون".(٤٥) كذا بالنسخ، وهو يعني بابها في الحساب.(٤٦) في الأصل، أ: "بينهما".