This is ten shares; she has eight of them, which is four-fifths of them. So take for her from each one four-fifths of what they acknowledged for her, and multiply the problem by five; it becomes one hundred and twenty, and from this it is valid. When the young girl reaches maturity and confirms one of them, she takes from her the remainder of what she acknowledged for her, and she returns to the other two what she took from them that she is not entitled to. This is the statement of Abu Hanifah. Ibn Abi Layla said: It is taken for her from each one what she acknowledged for her, and when she reaches maturity and confirms one of them, she retains what was taken for her from her, and she returns to the other two the excess she is not entitled to from them. This opinion is more correct, if Allah the Almighty wills, because it contains precaution regarding her right. Regarding three brothers through a father: A woman claimed that she is the sister of the deceased through his father and mother. The eldest confirmed her, the middle one said: She is a sister through the mother, and the youngest said: She is a sister through the father. The eldest pays her half of what is in his hand, the middle one pays her one-sixth of what is in his hand, and the youngest pays her one-seventh of what is in his hand. It is valid from one hundred and twenty-six; because the base of their problem is three. The problem for the eldest is from two, the second is from six, and the third is from seven. Two enters into six, so you multiply six by seven, which is forty-two. This is what is in the hand of each one of them. She takes from the eldest half, which is twenty-one, from the middle one one-sixth, which is seven, and from the youngest one-seventh, which is six. This totals thirty-four. This is the analogy of the statement of Ibn Abi Layla. According to the opinion of Abu Hanifah, she takes one-seventh of what is in the hand of the youngest; half of it is added to what is in the hand of one of them, and half is added to what is in the hand of the other. He divides with the middle one over thirteen; he has ten, and she has three. He adds the three to what is in the hand of the eldest and divides with him what is in his hand over four; she has three, and he has one share. Place in the hand of the youngest fourteen so that its seventh has a valid half, and multiply them by thirteen; it becomes one hundred and eighty-two. This is what is in the hand of each one of them; she takes from
(25) Omitted from: M. (26) In A: "in". (27) In M: "upon her". (28) In A: "one".
وذلك عَشَرَةُ أسْهُمٍ، لها (٢٥) منها ثمانيةٌ، وهى أربعةُ أخماسِها، فخُذْ لها من كلِّ واحدةٍ أربعةَ أخْماس ما أقرّتْ لها به، واضْربِ المسْألةَ فى خَمْسةٍ، تكُنْ مائةً وعشرين، ومنها تَصِحُّ، فإذا بلَغَتِ الصَّغِيرةُ، فصدَّقت إحداهُنَّ، أخذَتْ منها تمامَ ما أقرَّتْ لها به، ورَدَّتْ على الباقِيَتَيْنِ ما أخذَتْه ممَّا لا تَسْتَحِقُّه. وهذا قولُ أبى حنيفةَ. وقال ابنُ أبى لَيْلَى: يُؤْخَذُ لها من (٢٦) كلِّ واحدةٍ ما أقرّتْ لها به. وإذا بلَغَتْ فصدَّقتْ إحْداهُنَّ، أمْسَكتْ ما أُخِذَ لها منها، وردَّت على الباقِيَتَيْن الفَضْلَ الذى لا تَسْتَحِقُّه عليهما (٢٧)، وهذا القولُ أصْوَبُ، إنْ شاء اللَّهُ تعالى؛ لأنَّ فيه احْتياطًا على حَقِّها. ثلاثةُ إخْوةٍ لأبٍ، ادَّعَتِ امرأةٌ أنَّها أُخْتُ المَيِّتِ لأبيه وأمّه، فصَدَّقها الأكبرُ، وقال الأوْسَطُ: هى أختٌ لأُمٍّ. وقال الأصْغَرُ: هى أختٌ لأبٍ. فإنَّ الأكْبَرَ يَدْفَعُ إليها نِصْفَ ما فى يدِه، ويدفعُ إليها الأوْسَطُ سُدُسَ ما فى يدِه، ويَدْفعُ إليها الأصْغَرُ سُبُعَ ما فى يدِه، وتَصِحُّ من مائةٍ وسِتّةٍ وعِشْرين؛ لأنَّ أصْلَ مسألتِهم ثلاثةٌ، فمسألةُ الأكْبرِ من اثْنَيْن، والثَّانى من سِتَّةٍ، والثّالثِ من سبْعةٍ، والاثْنانِ تدخُل فى السِّتَّةِ، فتَضْرِبُ سِتَّةً فى سَبْعَةٍ، تكُنِ اثْنينِ وأربعين، فهذا ما فى يدِ كلِّ واحدٍ منهم، فتأخذُ من أكبرِ نِصْفَه أحَدًا (٢٨) وعِشْرين، ومن الأوْسطِ سُدُسَه سبعةً، ومن الأصْغرِ سُبْعَه سِتَّةً، صار لها أربعةٌ وثلاثون. وهذا قياسُ قولِ ابنِ أبى لَيْلَى. وفى قولِ أبى حنيفةَ تأخذُ سُبُعَ ما فى يدِ الأصْغرِ، فيُضَمُّ نِصْفُه إلى ما بيدِ أحدِهما، ونِصْفُه إلى ما بيد الآخَرِ، ويُقاسِمُ الأوْسَطَ على ثَلَاثةَ عَشَرَ، له عَشَرةٌ، ولها ثلاثةٌ، فيَضُمُّ الثلَاثة إلى ما بيدِ الأكْبرِ، ويُقاسِمهُ ما بيدِه على أرْبعةٍ، لها ثلاثةٌ، وله سَهْمٌ، فاجْعَلْ فى يد الأصغرِ أربعةَ عَشَرَ؛ ليكونَ لسُبُعِه نِصْفٌ صحيحٌ، واضْرِبْها فى ثلَاثَةَ عَشَرَ، تكُنْ مائةً واثنين وثمانين، فهذا ما بيدِ كلِّ واحدٍ منهم، تأخُذُ من
(٢٥) سقط من: م.(٢٦) فى أ: "فى".(٢٧) فى م: "عليها".(٢٨) فى أ: "إحدى".