and al-Layth, Sharik, al-Mughira al-Dabbi, Ibn Abi Layla, al-Hasan ibn Salih, and Waki'. This has also been narrated from Malik. From al-Nakha'i and al-Thawri, both opinions have been narrated. It is possible in the speech of Ahmad, may Allah be pleased with him, that disbelief constitutes many religions, such that Magianism is one religion, idol worship is another, and sun worship is another; thus they do not inherit from one another. This has been narrated from Ali. This was also the opinion of al-Zuhri, Rabi'a, and a group of the people of Medina, the people of Basra, and Ishaq. This is the most correct of the opinions, if Allah the Almighty wills, due to the saying of the Prophet (may Allah bless him and grant him peace), "People of two different religions do not inherit from one another." Furthermore, each of these two groups has no alliance between them, nor any agreement in religion, so they do not inherit from one another, just like Muslims and disbelievers. The general implications regarding inheritance are specific, so the point of contention is specified by the tradition and analogy. Furthermore, those who disagree with us have severed inheritance between those in the land of war and those in the land of Islam, despite their agreement in religion, due to the severance of alliance; therefore, with the difference of religion, it is even more deserving. The statement of those who restricted the "religion" to the absence of scripture is incorrect, as this is a negative attribute which necessitates neither a ruling nor a grouping. Moreover, this criterion requires evidence to support its consideration. Furthermore, their rulings have differed; the Magians pay the jizya (poll tax), while others do not. They also differ in their deities, beliefs, and opinions; some of them deem the blood of others lawful, and some declare others as disbelievers, so they are religions just like Judaism and Christianity. This has been narrated from Ali, may Allah be pleased with him, for Isma'il ibn Abi Khalid narrated from al-Sha'bi, from Ali (peace be upon him), that he categorized disbelief as different religions. He is not known to have had any opponent among the Companions, so it serves as a consensus.

Section: In my view, the analogy of the school of thought is that those of the same religion inherit from one another, even if their lands differ; because the general implications of the texts necessitate their inheritance, and no text, consensus, or valid analogy has come to specify them, so it is obligatory to act upon their generality. The implication of his saying (peace be upon him):