his parents, and leaves a son, then both [fathers] receive one-sixth, and the remainder goes to his son. If each of them has parents, then they both die, and then the boy dies, leaving a grandmother (maternal grandmother) and a son, then his maternal grandmother receives half of the one-sixth, and the mothers of the two claimants receive the other half of it, as if they were one grandmother, and the two grandfathers receive the one-sixth, and the remainder goes to the son. If there is no son, the two grandfathers receive one-third because they are in the position of one grandfather, and the remainder goes to the two brothers. According to Abu Hanifa, the entire remainder goes to the two grandfathers because the grandfather excludes the brothers. If the two claimants are two brothers and the claimed child is a girl, and they both die and leave their father, then the girl receives half of each of their wealth, and the remainder goes to the father. If the father dies after that, she receives the half [of his wealth] because she is a son's daughter. Al-Khabri narrated from Ahmad, Zufar, and Ibn Abi Za'ida that she receives two-thirds because she is the daughter of his two sons, so she inherits as the two daughters of a son. If the claimant is a son, and his two parents die, and one of them has a daughter, then their father dies, his inheritance is divided between the boy and the girl in three parts. According to the other opinion, it is divided in five parts because the boy counts as having the share of two sons of a son. If each of them has a daughter, the boy receives two-thirds of each of their wealth, and he receives half of his grandfather's wealth. According to the other opinion, he receives two-thirds, and they [the daughters] receive two-sixths. If the two claimants are a man and a paternal aunt, and the claimed child is a girl, and they both die and leave their parents, and then the father of the younger one dies, she receives the half, and the remainder goes to the father of the paternal aunt because he is his father. When the father of the paternal aunt dies, she receives the half of his wealth as well. According to the other opinion, she receives two-thirds because she is a daughter of a son and a daughter of a son of a son. If the claimant is a man and his son, and the son dies, she receives half of his wealth. When the father dies, she receives the half as well. According to the other opinion, she receives two-thirds. Abu Hanifa said: If a father and his son claim the child, the father is given precedence, and the son receives nothing. If the father dies first, his wealth is divided between his son and them [the claimants] in three parts, then she takes half of the wealth of the younger one because she is his daughter, and the remainder is because she is his sister. In all these cases, if the lineage of the claimant is not established, his share is set aside, the certain portion is given to each heir, and the remainder is set aside until his lineage is established or they settle. If there are three claimants, one of them dies and leaves a son and one thousand, then the second dies and leaves a son
(85) Yahya ibn Zakariya ibn Khalid (Abu Za'ida) al-Hamdani al-Wada'i, their mawla, the Hanafi. He was the most learned jurist of Kufa in his time. He died in the year 202, and it is said: 203. Al-Jawahir al-Mudiyya 3/585, 586. (86) In A and M: "his daughter". (87) In M: "fa-ma" [a partial word].
أبَوَيْه، وترك ابنًا، فلهما جميعًا السدسُ، والباقى لِابْنِه. فإن كان لكلِّ واحدٍ منهما أبَوانِ، ثم ماتَا، ثم ماتَ الغلامُ وله جَدّةٌ أُمُّ أُمٍّ وابنٌ، فلأُمِّ أُمِّه نصفُ السُّدسِ، ولأُمَّى المُدَّعِيَيْنِ نِصْفُه، كأنَّهما جَدَّةٌ واحدةٌ، وللجَدِّيْنِ السُّدُسُ، والباقى للابنِ، فإن لم يكُن ابنٌ، فللجَدَّيْنِ الثلثُ؛ لأنَّهما بمنزلةِ جَدٍّ واحدٍ، والباقى للأخَوَينِ. وعند أبى حنيفةَ، الباقى كلُّه للجَدَّيْنِ؛ لأنَّ الجَدَّ يُسْقِطُ الإِخْوةَ. وإن كان المُدَّعِيان أخوَيْنِ، والمُدَّعَى جارِيةً، فماتا وخَلَّفَا أبَاهما، فلهما من مالِ كلِّ واحدٍ نِصْفُه، والباقى للأبِ. فإن مات الأبُ بعدَ ذلك فلها النصفُ؛ لأنَّها بنتُ ابْنٍ. وحَكَى الخَبْرِىُّ عن أحمدَ وزُفَرَ وابنِ أبِى زائدةَ (٨٥)، أَنَّ لها الثُّلُثينِ؛ لأنَّها بنتُ ابْنَيْه (٨٦) فلها يراثُ بِنْتَى ابنٍ، وإن كان المُدَّعِى ابنًا، فمات أبَواهُ، ولأحدِهما بنتٌ، ثم مات أبوهُما، فمِيراثُه بين الغلامِ والبنتِ على ثلاثةٍ. وعلى القولِ الآخَرِ، على خمسةٍ؛ لأنَّ الغلامَ يضْرِبُ بنَصيبِ ابْنَىِ ابْنِ. وإن كان لكلِّ واحدٍ منهما بنتٌ، فللغُلامِ من مالِ كلِّ واحدٍ منهما ثُلُثاه، وله من مالِ جَدِّه نِصْفُه. وعلى القولِ الآخَرِ، له ثُلُثاه، ولهما سُدْساه. وإن كان المُدَّعِيان رَجُلًا وعَمّةً، والمُدَّعَى جاريةُ، فماتا، وخَلَّفَا أبَوَيْهِما، ثم مات أبو الأَصْغَرِ، فلها النِّصْفُ، والباقى لأبى العَمِّ؛ لأنَّه أبوه. وإذا مات أبو العَمِّ، فلها النِّصْفُ من مالِه أيضًا. وعلى القولِ الآخَرِ، لها الثُّلُثان؛ لأنَّها بنتُ ابنٍ وبنتُ ابْنِ ابْنٍ. وإن كان المُدَّعِى رجلًا وابْنَه، فمات الابنُ، فلها نِصْفُ مالِه. وإذا مات الأبُ فلها النِّصْفُ أيضًا. وعلى القولِ الآخَرِ لها الثُّلُثانِ. وقال أبو حنيفةَ: إذا تَدَاعَى الأبُ وابْنُه، قُدِّمَ الأبُ، ولم يكُنْ للابنِ شىءٌ. وإن مات الأبُ أَوَّلًا، فمالُه (٨٧) بين ابْنِه وبينهما على ثلاثةٍ، ثم تأخذ نصفَ مالِ الأصْغرِ، لكَوْنِها بِنْتَه، وباقِيه لأنَّها أخْتُه، وفى كلِّ ذلك إذا لم يَثْبُتْ نَسَبُ المُدَّعِى، وُقِفَ نَصِيبُه، ودُفِعَ إلى كلِّ وارثٍ اليَقِينُ، ووُقِفَ الباقِى حتى يثْبُتَ نَسَبُه أو يَصْطَلِحُوا. فلو كان المُدَّعُون ثلاثةً، فمات أحَدُهم، وتَرَكَ ابنًا وألْفًا، ثم مات الثانى، وترَك ابنًا
(٨٥) يحيى بن زكريا بن خالد (أبى زائدة) الهمدانى الوادعى مولاهم الحنفى، أفقه أهل الكوفة فى زمانه، توفى سنة اثنتين، وقيل: ثلاث ومائتين. الجواهر المضية ٣/ ٥٨٥، ٥٨٦.(٨٦) فى أ، م: "ابنته".(٨٧) فى م: "فما".