Generalize its ruling in every case, and do not distinguish between one with whom marriage has been consummated and one with whom it has not (10). Amr ibn Shu'ayb narrated from his father, from his grandfather, that the Prophet (may Allah bless him and grant him peace) said: "Whoever marries a woman and divorces her before he has consummated the marriage with her, there is no harm in him marrying her stepdaughter, but it is not lawful for him to marry her mother." Abu Hafs recorded it with his chain of narration (11). Zayd said: She becomes forbidden through consummation or death, because death takes the place of consummation. We have already mentioned what necessitates prohibition absolutely, whether consummation or death has occurred or not; and because she is prohibited by affinity through a general statement, so she is prohibited by the contract itself, just like the wife of the son or the father.
The second category: daughters of the wives with whom he has consummated the marriage, and these are the stepdaughters. They do not become forbidden except by consummating the marriage with their mothers. These are any daughter of the wife by lineage or breastfeeding, near or distant, an heir or not, according to what we have mentioned regarding daughters. If he consummates the marriage with the mother, [the daughter] becomes forbidden to him, whether she is in his care or not, according to the opinion of the general body of jurists, although it has been narrated from Umar and Ali (may Allah be pleased with them both) that they granted a concession regarding her if she was not in his care. This is also the opinion of Dawud, due to the saying of Allah the Exalted: "...and your stepdaughters who are under your guardianship." Ibn al-Mundhir said: The scholars of the regions have reached a consensus in opposition to this opinion. We have already mentioned the hadith of Abdullah ibn Amr regarding this, and the Prophet (may Allah bless him and grant him peace) said to Umm Habibah: "Do not present your daughters or your sisters to me" (13). And because upbringing (14) has no effect [on the legal status].
= Al-Sunan al-Kubra 7/160. Sa'id ibn Mansur in: The Chapter on the man who marries a woman and she dies... Al-Sunan 1/234. Ibn Abi Shaybah in: The Chapter of the man who marries a woman..., from the Book of Marriage. Al-Musannaf 4/173. (10) Omitted from the original. (11) Recorded by al-Bayhaqi in: The Chapter on what has been stated regarding the saying of Allah the Exalted: "...and the mothers of your wives and your stepdaughters who are under your guardianship...", from the Book of Marriage. Al-Sunan al-Kubra 7/160. And Abd al-Razzaq in: The Chapter on the mothers of your wives, from the Book of Marriage. Al-Musannaf 6/276. (12) In the original: "yuqamu". (13) Recorded by al-Bukhari in: The Chapter on previously married women (al-thayyibat), and the chapter: "And your mothers who suckled you...", and the chapter: "And your stepdaughters who are under your guardianship from your wives...", and the chapter: "And that you combine two sisters...", from the Book of Marriage, and in: The Chapter on the one suckled by the clients (mawali) and others, from the Book of Expenditures (al-nafaqat). Sahih al-Bukhari 7/6, 12, 14, 15, 87. And Abu Dawud in: The Chapter: That which is forbidden by breastfeeding is that which is forbidden by lineage, from the Book of Marriage. Sunan Abi Dawud 1/474. And al-Nasa'i in: The Chapter on the prohibition of combining a mother and a daughter, and the chapter on the prohibition of combining two sisters, from the Book of Marriage. Al-Mujtaba 6/78, 79. And Imam Ahmad in: Al-Musnad 6/291, 309, 428. (14) In the original: "al-qaribah".
عَمِّمُوا حُكمَها فى كلِّ حالٍ، ولا تَفْصِلُوا بين المَدْخُولِ بها وبين (١٠) غيرِها. ورَوَى عمرو بن شُعَيْبٍ، عن أيِيه، عن جَدِّهِ، أَنَّ النَّبِىَّ -صلى اللَّه عليه وسلم-، قال: "مَنْ تَزَوَّجَ امْرَأةً، فطَلقَها قَبْلَ أَنْ دَخَلَ بِهَا، فلَا بَأْسَ أَنْ يتَزَوَّجَ رَبِيبَتَهُ، ولَا يَحِلُّ لَهُ أَنْ يتَزَوَّجَ أُمَّهَا". روَاه أبو حَفْصٍ بإسْنادِه (١١). وقال زَيْدٌ: تَحْرُمُ بالدُّخولِ أو بالموتِ؛ لأنَّه يَقُومُ (١٢) مَقامَ الدخولِ. وقد ذَكَرْنا ما يُوجِبُ التَّحْرِيمَ مُطْلَقًا، سواءٌ وُجِدَ الدُّخولُ أو الموتُ أو لا، ولأنَّها حُرمَتْ بالمُصاهَرةِ بقولٍ مُبْهَمٍ، فحُرِّمَتْ بنَفْس العَقْدِ، كحَلِيلةِ الابْنِ والأبِ. الثانية، بناتُ النِّساءِ اللّاتِى دَخَلَ بِهِنَّ، وهُنَّ الرَّبائِبُ، فلا يَحْرُمْنَ إلَّا بالدُّخولِ بأُمَّهاتِهِنَّ، وهُنَّ كلُّ بِنْتٍ للزَّوجةِ من نَسَبٍ أو رَضاعٍ، قريبةٍ أو بعيدةٍ، وارثةٍ أو غيرِ وارثةٍ، على حَسبِ ما ذكرْنا فى البَناتِ، إذا دَخَلَ بالأمِّ حُرمَتْ عليه، سواءٌ كانت فى حِجْرِه أو لم تَكُنْ، فى قولِ عامَّةِ الفُقَهاءِ، إلَّا أنَّه رُوِىَ عن عمرَ وعلىٍّ، رَضِىَ اللَّهُ عنهما، أنَّهما رَخَّصَا فيها إذا لم تكُنْ فى حِجْرِه. وهو قولُ داودَ؛ لقولِ اللَّه تعالى: {وَرَبَائِبُكُمُ اللَّاتِى فِى حُجُورِكُمْ}. قال ابنُ المُنْذِرِ: وقد أجْمَعَ عُلَماءُ الأمْصارِ على خِلافِ هذا القولِ. وقد ذكرْنا حديثَ عبدِ اللَّه بن عمرو فى هذا، وقال النَّبِىُّ -صلى اللَّه عليه وسلم- لأُمِّ حَبِيبةَ: "لَا تَعْرِضْنَ عَلَىَّ بَناتِكُنَّ، ولَا أخَوَاتِكُنَّ" (١٣). ولأنَّ التَّرْبيةَ (١٤) لا تَأْثِيرَ لها
= السنن الكبرى ٧/ ١٦٠. وسعيد بن منصور، فى: باب ما جاء فى الرجل يتزوج المرأة فتموت. . . السنن ١/ ٢٣٤. وابن أبى شيبة، فى: باب الرجل يتزوج المرأة. . .، من كتاب النكاح. المصنف ٤/ ١٧٣.(١٠) سقط من: الأصل.(١١) وأخرجه البيهقى، فى: باب ما جاء فى قول اللَّه تعالى: {وَأُمَّهَاتُ نِسَائِكُمْ وَرَبَائِبُكُمُ اللَّاتِى فِى حُجُورِكُمْ. . .}، من كتاب النكاح. السنن الكبرى ٧/ ١٦٠. وعبد الرزاق، فى: باب أمهات نسائكم، من كتاب النكاح. المصنف ٦/ ٢٧٦.(١٢) فى الأصل: "يقام".(١٣) أخرجه البخارى، فى: باب الثيبات، وباب: {وَأُمَّهَاتُكُمُ اللَّاتِى أَرْضَعْنَكُمْ}. . .، وباب: {وَرَبَائِبُكُمُ اللَّاتِى فِى حُجُورِكُمْ مِنْ نِسَائِكُمُ. . .} وباب: {وَأَنْ تَجْمَعُوا بَيْنَ الْأُخْتَيْنِ. . .}، من كتاب النكاح، وفى: باب الراضع من المواليات وغيرهن، من كتاب النفقات. صحيح البخارى ٧/ ٦، ١٢، ١٤، ١٥، ٨٧. وأبو داود، فى: باب يحرم من الرضاعة ما يحرم من النسب، من كتاب النكاح. سنن أبى داود ١/ ٤٧٤. والنسائى، فى: باب تحريم الجمع بين الأم والبنت، وباب تحريم الجمع بين الأختين، من كتاب النكاح. المجتبى ٦/ ٧٨، ٧٩. والإمام أحمد، فى: المسند ٦/ ٢٩١، ٣٠٩، ٤٢٨.(١٤) فى الأصل: "القريبة".
