you leave, if you have no child; but if you have a child, then for them is one-eighth of what you leave, after any bequest you may make or debt."
Muhammad said: "Wasiyyatan" (a bequest) is read both in the nominative (raf') and the accusative (nasb) cases. Whoever reads it in the accusative intends the meaning: "Let them bequeath a bequest," and whoever reads it in the nominative does so based on the meaning: "Upon them is a bequest." "Mata'an" (maintenance/provision) is in the accusative with the meaning: "Provide them with provision."
His saying: "But if they leave, there is no sin upon you for what they do with themselves in an honorable manner," means: that they may adorn themselves, seek to look attractive, and seek husbands.
تَرَكْتُمْ إِنْ لَمْ يَكُنْ لَكُمْ وَلَدٌ فَإِنْ كَانَ لَكُمْ وَلَدٌ فَلَهُنَّ الثُّمُنُ مِمَّا تَرَكْتُمْ مِنْ بَعْدِ وَصِيَّةٍ تُوصُونَ بِهَا أَوْ دين).
قَالَ مُحَمَّد: تقْرَأ ﴿وَصِيَّة﴾ بِالرَّفْع وَالنّصب؛ فَمن نصب أَرَادَ: فليوصوا وَصِيَّة، وَمن رفع فعلى معنى: فَعَلَيْهِم وَصِيَّة. وَنصب ﴿مَتَاعًا﴾ بِمَعْنى: متعوهن مَتَاعا.
قَوْله: ﴿فَإِنْ خرجن فَلا جُنَاحَ عَلَيْكُمْ فِيمَا فَعَلْنَ فِي أَنْفسهنَّ من مَعْرُوف﴾ يَعْنِي: أَن يتزين، ويتشوفن، ويلتمسن الْأزْوَاج.
