[The Almighty said:] "Have you not considered those who left their homes in the thousands?" The verse. The interpretation of Qatadah is: They were a people who fled from the plague, so Allah despised them for their fleeing from death. "And Allah said to them, 'Die,'" so Allah caused them to die as a punishment, then He resurrected them so they could complete the remainder of their lifespans.
Al-Kalbi said: They were eight thousand, so Allah caused them to die, and they remained dead for eight days.
Muhammad said: His saying "Have you not considered" is by way of expressing wonder, like His saying: "Have you not considered what so-and-so did?!"
﴿أَلَمْ تَرَ إِلَى الَّذِينَ خَرَجُوا من دِيَارهمْ وهم أُلُوف﴾ الْآيَة. تَفْسِير قَتَادَة: هُم قوم فروا من الطَّاعُون، فمقتهم اللَّه عَلَى فرارهم من الْمَوْت ﴿فَقَالَ لَهُم الله موتوا﴾ فأماتهم اللَّه عُقُوبَة، ثمَّ بَعثهمْ ليستوفوا بَقِيَّة آجالهم.
قَالَ الْكَلْبِيّ: وَكَانُوا ثَمَانِيَة آلَاف، فأماتهم اللَّه، فَمَكَثُوا ثَمَانِيَة أَيَّام.
قَالَ مُحَمَّد: وَقَوله: ﴿ألم تَرَ﴾ هُوَ عَلَى جِهَة التَّعَجُّب؛ كَقَوْلِه: ألم تَرَ إِلَى مَا صنع فلَان؟!