Muhammad said: His saying, "[So He repaid you with distress upon distress]," means: He compensated you with distress following distress. Regarding His saying, "[When you were climbing]," it is read as "tus'iduna" and "tas'aduna." Whoever reads it with a damma on the ta' (tus'iduna), the meaning is: you are moving far away in your retreat. It is said: "as'ada" (he moved far) in the land when he goes far away; "sa'ada" (he climbed) the mountain or the roof. "[So that you may not grieve for what has escaped you]" of the spoils, "[nor for what has befallen you]" regarding yourselves in terms of being killed or wounded.
Muhammad said: It was said: meaning, so that your distress may be only because you disobeyed the Prophet, peace be upon him.
قَالَ مُحَمَّد: قَوْله: ﴿فَأَثَابَكُمْ غَمًّا بغم﴾ أَي: جازاكم غما مُتَّصِلا بغم. وَقَوله: ﴿إِذْ تصعدون﴾ تقْرَأ: ﴿تصعدون﴾ و ﴿تَصْعَدُونَ﴾، فَمن قَرَأَ بِضَم التَّاء فَالْمَعْنى: تبعدون فِي الْهَزِيمَة، يُقَال: أصعد فِي الأَرْض؛ إِذا أمعن فِي الذّهاب، وَصعد الْجَبَل والسطح. ﴿لِكَيْ لَا تَحْزَنُوا عَلَى مَا فَاتَكُمْ﴾ من الْغَنِيمَة ﴿وَلا مَا أَصَابَكُم﴾ فِي أَنفسكُم من الْقَتْل والجراحات.
قَالَ مُحَمَّد: قيل: أَي: ليَكُون غمكم؛ بأنكم خالفتم النَّبِي عليه السلام فَقَط.
