"They request a legal ruling from you; say, 'Allah gives you a ruling concerning the one having neither descendants nor ascendants (al-kalala)." Qatada said: "Al-kalala is one who has neither children, nor a parent, nor a grandparent."
Regarding His saying: "Allah makes clear to you [lest] you go astray," meaning: lest you go astray. "And Allah is Knowing of all things."
Muhammad (Ibn Abi Zamanin) said: Yahya mentioned in this Surah issues concerning inheritance; I have abbreviated many of them, for the entirety of the inheritance laws have their appropriate places in the books of jurisprudence. And there is no success except by Allah, [and He is sufficient for me, and an excellent Trustee].
﴿يَسْتَفْتُونَكَ قُلِ اللَّهُ يُفْتِيكُمْ فِي الْكَلَالَة﴾ قَالَ قَتَادَة: الْكَلَالَة الَّذِي لَا ولد لَهُ وَلَا وَالِد وَلَا جد.
قَوْله: ﴿يُبَيِّنُ اللَّهُ لَكُمْ أَن تضلوا﴾ لِئَلَّا تضلوا ﴿وَاللَّهُ بِكُلِّ شَيْءٍ عليم﴾.
قَالَ مُحَمَّد: ذكر يحيى فِي هَذِه السُّورَة مسَائِل من الْفَرَائِض؛ فاختصرت كثيرا مِنْهَا؛ إِذْ للفرائض بأسرها موَاضعهَا من كتب الْفِقْه، وَلَا توفيق إِلَّا بِاللَّه [وَهُوَ حسبي وَنعم الْوَكِيل].
