"And women of post-menstrual age who do not desire marriage," meaning: they have grown old beyond that and do not desire it. "There is no blame upon them for putting aside their outer garments, provided they are not displaying adornment," meaning: not beautifying themselves nor seeking attention.
Qatada said: A concession was granted to the woman who no longer menstruates and does not concern herself with husbands to remove her outer garment (jilbab). As for the woman who has ceased menstruating but has not reached this stage, she may not. "But that they refrain" – meaning, those who do not desire marriage refrain from casting off the outer garment – "is better for them."
Muhammad said: The singular of 'al-qawa'id' (post-menstrual women) is 'qa'id' without the ta' marbuta; the omission of the ta' indicates that it is the sitting of old age. Just as they said: 'imra'atun hamil' (a pregnant woman) without the ta' to indicate by its omission that it is the pregnancy of bearing a child, whereas they said in other contexts: 'qa'idah' (a woman sitting) in her house, and 'hamilah' (a woman carrying something) on her back.
Surat An-Nur (Verse 61).
﴿وَالْقَوَاعِدُ مِنَ النِّسَاءِ اللَّاتِي لَا يرجون نِكَاحا﴾ أَيْ: قَدْ كَبِرْنَ عَنْ ذَلِكَ وَلَا يُرِدْنَهُ ﴿فَلَيْسَ عَلَيْهِنَّ جُنَاحٌ أَنْ يَضَعْنَ ثِيَابَهُنَّ غَيْرَ مُتَبَرِّجَاتٍ بزينة﴾ يَعْنِي: غَيْرَ مُتَزِيِّنَةٍ وَلَا مُتَشَوِّفَةٍ.
قَالَ قَتَادَةُ: رَخَّصَ لِلَّتِي لَا تَحِيضُ، وَلَا تُحَدِّثُ نَفْسَهَا بِالْأَزْوَاجِ أَنْ تَضَعَ جِلْبَابَهَا، وَأَمَّا الَّتِي قَدْ قَعَدَتْ عَنِ الْمَحِيضِ وَلَمْ تَبْلُغْ هَذَا الْحَدَّ فَلَا ﴿وَأَنْ يستعففن﴾ يَعْنِي: اللَّاتِي لَا يَرْجُونَ نِكَاحًا عَنْ تَرْكِ الْجِلْبَابِ ﴿خَيْرٌ لَهُنَّ﴾.
قَالَ مُحَمَّدٌ: الْقَوَاعِدُ وَاحِدَتُهَا: قَاعِدٌ بِلا هَاءٍ؛ لِيُدَلَّ بِحَذْفِ الْهَاءِ عَلَى أَنَّهُ قُعُودُ الْكِبَرِ، كَمَا قَالُوا: امْرَأَةٌ حَامِلٌ بِلا هَاءٍ لِيُدَلَّ بِحَذْفِ الْهَاءِ عَلَى أَنَّهُ حَمْلُ حَبَلٍ، وَقَالُوا فِي غَيْرِ ذَلِكَ: قَاعِدَةٌ فِي بَيْتِهَا، وَحَامِلَةٌ على ظهرهَا.
سُورَة النُّور (آيَة ٦١).