"There is no blame upon the blind, nor is there blame upon the lame, nor is there blame upon the sick." Qatada's interpretation: He said that access to houses was restricted for a period of time, such that a man would not accept someone as a guest nor eat in the house of another person, out of fear of sinning by doing so.
Yahya said: It reached me that this was when the following verse was revealed: "O you who have believed, do not consume one another's wealth unjustly." Qatada said: Thus, the first ones for whom Allah granted a concession were the blind, the lame, and the sick. Then, Allah granted a concession to the general body of believers: "nor upon yourselves that you eat from your houses" up to His saying: "or your friend." Regarding His saying: "or from whose keys you possess," some have said: They are the owned servants who act as guardians over the houses of their masters. Regarding His saying: "or your friend," it was said to Al-Hasan: A man enters the house of another—meaning his friend—and the man leaves his house, and the other sees some food in the house; may he eat from it? He replied: Eat from the food of your brother.
Yahya said: Allah did not mention the house of the son in this verse, and I am of the opinion that the Prophet, peace be upon him, only said, "You and your wealth belong to your father," based on this verse.
﴿لَيْسَ على الْأَعْمَى حرج﴾ تَفْسِيرُ قَتَادَةَ قَالَ: مُنِعَتِ الْبُيُوتُ زَمَانًا كَانَ الرَّجُلُ لَا يَتَضَيَّفُ أَحَدًا وَلا يَأْكُلُ فِي بَيْتِ غَيره تأثما مِنْ ذَلِكَ.
قَالَ يَحْيَي: بَلَغَنِي أَنَّ ذَلِكَ حِينَ نَزَلَتْ هَذِهِ الْآيَة: ﴿يَا أَيهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا لَا تَأْكُلُوا أَمْوَالَكُمْ بَيْنكُم بِالْبَاطِلِ﴾ قَالَ قَتَادَةُ: فَكَانَ أَوَّلَ مَنْ رَخَّصَ اللَّهُ لَهُ الْأَعْمَى وَالْأَعْرَجُ وَالْمَرِيضُ، ثُمَّ رَخَّصَ اللَّهُ لِعَامَّةِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ﴿وَلا عَلَى أَنْفُسِكُمْ أَنْ تَأْكُلُوا مِنْ بُيُوتِكُمْ﴾ إِلَى قَوْلِهِ: ﴿أَو صديقكم﴾ فَقَوْلُهُ: ﴿أَوْ مَا مَلَكْتُمْ مَفَاتِحَهُ﴾ قَالَ بَعضهم: هم المملوكون الَّذِينَ هُمْ خَزَنَةٌ عَلَى بُيُوتِ مواليهم. وَقَوله: ﴿صديقكم﴾ قِيلَ لِلْحَسَنِ: الرَّجُلُ يَدْخُلُ عَلَى الرَّجُلِ يَعْنِي: صَدِيقَهُ فَيَخْرُجُ الرَّجُلُ مِنْ بَيْتِهِ وَيَرَى الْآخَرُ الشَّيْءَ مِنَ الطَّعَامِ فِي الْبَيْتِ؛ فَيَأْكُلُ مِنْهُ؟ فَقَالَ: كُلْ مِنْ طَعَامِ أَخِيكَ.
قَالَ يَحْيَى: لَمْ يَذْكُرِ اللَّهُ فِي هَذِهِ الْآيَةِ بَيْتَ الابْن، فَرَأَيْت أَن النَّبِي عليه السلام إِنَّمَا قَالَ: " أَنْتَ وَمَالُكَ لِأَبِيكَ " مِنْ هَذِهِ الْآيَةِ.
