"They said, 'O our people, indeed we have heard a Book'"—meaning the Qur'an—"'revealed after Moses.'" They were following Judaism.
﴿قَالُوا يَا قَوْمَنَا إِنَّا سَمِعْنَا كتابا﴾ يعنون: الْقُرْآن ﴿أُنْزِلَ مِنْ بَعْدِ مُوسَى﴾ كَانُوا على الْيَهُودِيَّة